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American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access published online on April 16, 2009
American Journal of Epidemiology, doi:10.1093/aje/kwp071
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American Journal of Epidemiology © The Author 2009. Published by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Original Contribution

Serum and Dietary Magnesium and Risk of Ischemic Stroke

The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study

Tetsuya Ohira, James M. Peacock, Hiroyasu Iso, Lloyd E. Chambless, Wayne D. Rosamond and Aaron R. Folsom

Correspondence to Dr. Aaron R. Folsom, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454-1015 (e-mail: folso001{at}umn.edu).

Received for publication February 13, 2008. Accepted for publication March 4, 2009.

The authors sought to examine the relation between serum or dietary magnesium and the incidence of ischemic stroke among blacks and whites. Between 1987 and 1989, 14,221 men and women aged 45–64 years took part in the first examination of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study cohort. The incidence of stroke was ascertained from hospital records. Higher serum magnesium levels were associated with lower prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus at baseline. During the 15-year follow-up, 577 ischemic strokes occurred. Serum magnesium was inversely associated with ischemic stroke incidence. The age-, sex-, and race-adjusted rate ratios of ischemic stroke for those with serum magnesium levels of ≤1.5, 1.6, 1.7, and ≥1.8 mEq/L were 1.0, 0.78 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.62, 0.96), 0.70 (95% CI: 0.56, 0.88), and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.59, 0.95) (Ptrend = 0.005). After adjustment for hypertension and diabetes, the rate ratios were attenuated to nonsignificant levels. Dietary magnesium intake was marginally inversely associated with the incidence of ischemic stroke (Ptrend = 0.09). Low serum magnesium levels could be associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke, in part, via effects on hypertension and diabetes.

brain infarction; diet; magnesium; risk factors

Abbreviations: ARIC, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities; CI, confidence interval; CT, computerized tomography; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; RR, rate ratio


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