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American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access published online on January 12, 2008
American Journal of Epidemiology, doi:10.1093/aje/kwm349
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American Journal of Epidemiology © The Author 2008. Published by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Original Contribution

Plasma Enterolignan Concentrations and Colorectal Cancer Risk in a Nested Case-Control Study

Anneleen Kuijsten1,2,3, Peter C. H. Hollman2, Hendriek C. Boshuizen1, Michel N. C. P. Buijsman2, Pieter van 't Veer3, Frans J. Kok3, Ilja C. W. Arts2 and H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita1

1 Centre for Nutrition and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
2 RIKILT–Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen, the Netherlands
3 Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands

Correspondence to Dr. Peter Hollman, RIKILT–Institute of Food Safety, P.O. Box 230, 6700 AE Wageningen, the Netherlands (e-mail: peter.hollman{at}wur.nl).

Received for publication May 4, 2007. Accepted for publication November 2, 2007.

Enterolignans are biphenolic compounds that possess several biologic activities whereby they may influence carcinogenesis. The authors investigated the association between plasma enterolactone and enterodiol and colorectal cancer risk in a Dutch prospective study. Among more than 35,000 participants aged 20–59 years, 160 colorectal cancer cases were diagnosed after 7.5 years of follow-up (1987–2003). Cohort members who were frequency-matched to the cases on age, sex, and study center were selected as controls (n = 387). Plasma enterodiol and enterolactone were not associated with risk of colorectal cancer after adjustment for known colorectal cancer risk factors (highest quartile vs. lowest: for enterodiol, odds ratio = 1.11, 95% confidence interval: 0.56, 2.20 (p-trend = 0.75); for enterolactone, odds ratio = 1.70, 95% confidence interval: 0.88, 3.27 (p-trend = 0.15)). However, sex (p-interaction = 0.06) and body mass index (p-interaction < 0.01) modified the relation between plasma enterolactone and colorectal cancer risk; increased risks were observed among women and subjects with a high body mass index. The association between plasma enterodiol and colorectal cancer risk was modified by smoking status; risk was increased among current smokers (p-interaction < 0.01). These findings do not support the hypothesis that high plasma enterodiol or enterolactone concentrations are associated with reduced risk of colorectal cancer.

biological markers; colorectal neoplasms; lignans; prospective studies

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio


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