American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access published online on January 18, 2006
American Journal of Epidemiology, doi:10.1093/aje/kwj075
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1 Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Group B Streptococcus causes a variety of morbid and sometimes fatal conditions affecting individuals of all age groups. There are nine known serotypes of this Gram-positive coccus but few estimates of the incidence and duration of its colonization and none by serotype in the literature. In 2001, the authors conducted a prospective cohort study among 257 men and women living in a single dormitory in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The 3-week incidence with any serotype was 11.3% (±3.9%) among women and 8.8% (±3.0%) among men; 3-week incidence rates were highest for serotype V (4.7% for women and 3.5% for men) and type Ia (2.3% for women and 2.4% for men), with no significant differences by gender. The estimated average duration of any group B Streptococcus colonization was longer for women (13.7 weeks) than men (8.5 weeks); serotype Ia was carried an average of 6.5 weeks longer in women, and serotype III was carried 4.9 weeks longer. Colonization with more than one serotype occurred significantly less than would be expected by chance (p <<< 0.001). Based on the overall incidence, transmission occurred between roommate pairs at the rate expected. Group B Streptococcus colonization is frequent and dynamic, but it is not transmitted by casual contact.
Received September 12, 2005
Accepted November 15, 2005
ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Incidence and Duration of Group B Streptococcus by Serotype among Male and Female College Students Living in a Single Dormitory
Betsy Foxman 1 *,
Brenda Gillespie 2,
Shannon D. Manning 3,
Laura J. Howard 4,
Patricia Tallman 1,
Lixin Zhang 1,
and
Carl F. Marrs 1
2 Center for Statistical Consultation and Research and the Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
3 National Food Safety and Toxicology Center and the Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
4 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, Ann Arbor, MI
Betsy Foxman, E-mail: bfoxman{at}umich.edu
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