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American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access published online on January 27, 2006
American Journal of Epidemiology, doi:10.1093/aje/kwj067
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American Journal of Epidemiology Copyright © 2006 by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health All rights reserved; printed in U.S.A.
Received June 1, 2005
Accepted October 20, 2005

ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS

Coffee Consumption and Incidence of Colorectal Cancer in Two Prospective Cohort Studies of Swedish Women and Men

Susanna C. Larsson 1 *, Leif Bergkvist 2, Edward Giovannucci 3, and Alicja Wolk 1

1 Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, National Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
2 Department of Surgery and Centre for Clinical Research, Central Hospital, Västerås, Sweden
3 Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Susanna C. Larsson, E-mail: susanna.larsson{at}ki.se


  Abstract

Investigators have reported an inverse association between coffee consumption and risk of colorectal cancer in several case-control studies, but prospective studies, most of them involving small numbers of cases, have not supported such a relation. In this analysis, the authors prospectively examined the association of coffee consumption with colorectal cancer risk among participants from two population-based cohort studies: 61,433 women in the Swedish Mammography Cohort and 45,306 men in the Cohort of Swedish Men. Information about coffee consumption was obtained from food frequency questionnaires in 1987-1990 and 1997 for women and in 1997 for men. The authors used Cox proportional hazards modeling for cohort-specific multivariate analyses, and results were pooled using random-effects models. During 1,240,597 person-years of follow-up, 1,279 incident cases of colorectal cancer were diagnosed. Coffee consumption was not associated with risk of colorectal cancer, colon cancer, or rectal cancer in either women or men. For both cohorts combined, the multivariate rate ratio for colorectal cancer for each additional cup of coffee per day was 1.00 (95% confidence interval: 0.97, 1.04). The associations were not modified by colorectal cancer risk factors. The findings from these two large prospective cohort studies do not support the hypothesis that coffee consumption lowers the risk of colorectal cancer.

Keywords: coffee; cohort studies; colorectal neoplasms; men; prospective studies; women.
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