American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access published online on October 19, 2005
American Journal of Epidemiology, doi:10.1093/aje/kwi323
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1 Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA; Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Systemic maternal infections have been associated with preterm delivery. The authors examined the association of C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of inflammation, with preterm delivery. This nested case-control study was conducted within Project Viva in Massachusetts between 1999 and 2002. Subjects were 117 women who delivered preterm (<37 weeks' gestation) and 117 controls (term deliveries) matched on age, race/ethnicity, and smoking status. High-sensitivity CRP assays were performed on early-pregnancy (5.3-19.3 weeks' gestation) plasma samples. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated by using conditional logistic regression adjusted for matching factors, gestational age at blood collection, and prepregnancy body mass index. Median concentration of CRP was 3.2 mg/liter in cases versus 2.4 mg/liter in controls. No significant association was found between quartiles of CRP and preterm delivery. However, CRP levels exceeding the threshold defined in the literature were associated with increased risk of preterm delivery (odds ratio = 2.55, 95% confidence interval: 1.05, 6.02 for CRP
Received March 12, 2005
Accepted June 24, 2005
ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Plasma C-Reactive Protein in Early Pregnancy and Preterm Delivery
2 Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, MA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
3 Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA
4 Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
5 Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, MA; The Channing Laboratory, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
Waranuch Pitiphat, E-mail: waranuch{at}kku.ac.th
Abstract 
8 mg/liter). The association was stronger among cases who experienced spontaneous delivery (odds ratio = 4.64, 95% confidence interval: 0.94, 22.96) versus indicated delivery (odds ratio = 1.42, 95% confidence interval: 0.44, 4.61). These findings suggest that very high CRP levels in early pregnancy are associated with preterm delivery.
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