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American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access published online on July 13, 2005
American Journal of Epidemiology, doi:10.1093/aje/kwi207
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American Journal of Epidemiology Copyright © 2005 by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health All rights reserved
Received January 10, 2005
Accepted March 25, 2005

Article

Helicobacter pylori Infection in Different Generations of Hispanics in the San Francisco Bay Area

Chiaojung J. Tsai 1, Sharon Perry 2, Luz Sanchez 2, and Julie Parsonnet 1*

1 Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
2 Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Julie Parsonnet, E-mail: parsonnt{at}stanford.edu


  Abstract

To quantify the contributions of household and environmental factors to Helicobacter pylori infection, the authors examined H. pylori infection among several generations of Hispanics in the San Francisco Bay Area. Between 2000 and 2004, household members were tested for H. pylori and interviewed about demographic factors and household pedigree. An immigrant was defined as someone born in Latin America with at least one Latin America-born parent; a first-generation US-born Hispanic was defined as someone born in the United States with at least one Latin America-born parent; and a second-generation US-born Hispanic was defined as someone born in the United States with at least one US-born parent. Prevalences of H. pylori in immigrants and first- and second-generation US-born Hispanics were 31.4% (102/325), 9.1% (98/1,076), and 3.1% (2/64), respectively. Compared with second-generation US-born Hispanics, the age-adjusted odds ratios for H. pylori were 9.70 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.57, 60.00) for immigrants and 4.32 (95% CI: 0.69, 26.96) for first-generation US-born Hispanics (ptrend < 0.001). These odds ratios decreased to 6.19 (95% CI: 1.13, 33.77) and 3.24 (95% CI: 0.59, 17.82), respectively, after adjustment for parental infection (odds ratio (OR) = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.59, 4.38), low education (OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.20, 2.68), and crowding (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 0.84, 1.79). Both the household and birth-country environments probably contributed to declining H. pylori prevalence among successive generations of Hispanics.

Keywords: disease transmission; Helicobacter pylori; Hispanic Americans; immigrants; infection; prevalence; social class.
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