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American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access published online on June 29, 2005
American Journal of Epidemiology, doi:10.1093/aje/kwi183
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American Journal of Epidemiology Copyright © 2005 by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health All rights reserved
Received November 10, 2004
Accepted March 11, 2005

Article

The Association of Body Mass Index and Pancreatic Cancer in Residents of Southeastern Michigan, 1996-1999

Jon P. Fryzek 1*, Maryjean Schenk 2, Margaret Kinnard 3, Joel K. Greenson 4, and David H. Garabrant 5

1 International Epidemiology Institute, Rockville, MD; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN
2 Epidemiology Section, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; Department of Family Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
3 Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
4 Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI
5 Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Jon P. Fryzek, E-mail: fryzek{at}iei.ws


  Abstract

Increased body mass index has emerged as a potential risk factor for pancreatic cancer. The authors examined whether the association between body mass index and pancreatic cancer was modified by gender, smoking, and diabetes in residents of southeastern Michigan, 1996-1999. A total of 231 patients with newly diagnosed adenocarcinoma of the exocrine pancreas were compared with 388 general population controls. In-person interviews were conducted to ascertain information on demographic and lifestyle factors. Unconditional logistic regression models estimated the association between body mass index and pancreatic cancer. Males' risk for pancreatic cancer significantly increased with increasing body mass index (ptrend = 0.048), while no relation was found for women (ptrend = 0.37). Among nonsmokers, those in the highest category of body mass index were 3.3 times (95% confidence interval: 1.2, 9.2) more likely to have pancreatic cancer compared with those with low body mass index. In contrast, no relation was found for smokers (ptrend = 0.94). While body mass index was not associated with pancreatic cancer risk among insulin users (ptrend = 0.11), a significant increase in risk was seen in non-insulin users (ptrend = 0.039). This well-designed, population-based study offered further evidence that increased body mass index is related to pancreatic cancer risk, especially for men and nonsmokers. In addition, body mass index may play a role in the etiology of pancreatic cancer even in the absence of diabetes.

Keywords: body mass index; case-control studies; pancreatic neoplasms; risk factors.
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