American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 98, No. 5: 355-364
Copyright © 1973 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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EPIDEMIOLOGY OF RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS INFECTION IN WASHINGTON, D.C.
III. COMPOSITE ANALYSIS OF ELEVEN CONSECUTIVE YEARLY EPIDEMICS1
2Reprint request to Dr. Parrott, Children's Hospital, 2125 Thirteenth St., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20009.
More than 15,000 infants and young children were studied for virus infection during 11 consecutive RSV outbreaks. Data obtained at monthly intervals during the outbreaks were combined to plot a composite epidemic curve, which showed a "normal" distribution. Of more than 1,000 respiratory disease patients who yielded an RSV isolate during the composite outbreak, 40.1% shed virus during the peak epidemic month and 82.4% shed virus in the 3 mid-epidemic months. During the peak month of the composite epidemic, RSV was recovered from 46.2% of all inpatients with bronchiolitis, from 33.6% of all inpatients with respiratory disease, and from 32.1% of all respiratory disease outpatients. Control subjects who were free of respiratory disease rarely yielded RSV. As indicated by virus recovery and/or the development of serum complement fixation antibody, 70.3% of bronchiolitis patients and 56.4% of all respiratory disease inpatients exhibited evidence of RSV infection during the peak epidemic month. A similar epidemic wave was seen in males as compared to females, and in black as compared to non-black children. More than half of all hospitalized patients who yielded an RSV isolate were less than 6 months of age. Among bronchiolitis patients, about half of those with RSV isolates were 3 months of age or younger. Several findings, particularly the age distribution analyses, did not support the hypotheses that RSV bronchiolitis in infancy represents an "allergic" reaction to re-infection with the virus. Finally, it appeared that RSV infection neither interfered with nor enhanced the occurrence of adenovirus infection in our study population.
bronchiolitis; viral; epidemiology; pneumonia; respiratory syncytial virus; respiratory tract infections; virus diseases
1Research Foundation of Children's Hospital National Medical Center; Department of Child Health and Development, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C.; and the Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
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