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American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access originally published online on September 18, 2008
American Journal of Epidemiology 2008 168(9):1008-1015; doi:10.1093/aje/kwn227
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American Journal of Epidemiology © The Author 2008. Published by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS

Child-to-Adult Body Mass Index and Height Trajectories: A Comparison of 2 British Birth Cohorts

Leah Li, Rebecca Hardy, Diana Kuh, Rossella Lo Conte and Chris Power

Correspondence to Dr. L. Li, Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics/Medical Research Council Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom (e-mail: L.Li{at}ich.ucl.ac.uk).

Received for publication February 11, 2008. Accepted for publication July 3, 2008.

Markers of growth and changes of body mass index (BMI) are associated with adult chronic disease risk. To better understand such associations, the authors examined the 1946 (n {approx} 5,300) and 1958 (n {approx} 17,000) British birth cohorts to establish how child-to-adult height and BMI have changed across generations. Individuals born in 1958 were no heavier at birth than those born in 1946, but they were taller in childhood by about 1 cm on average, grew faster thereafter, and were 3–4 cm taller by adolescence. The 1958 cohort achieved adult height earlier and were taller by 1 cm, an increase that was entirely due to their longer leg length. BMI trajectories diverged from early adulthood, with a faster rate of BMI gain in the 1958 cohort than in the 1946 cohort, although the mean BMI at 7 years and rate of childhood gain had not shown an increase. By midadulthood, the 1958 cohort had on average a greater BMI (1–2 kg/m2), larger waist (6–7 cm) and hip (5 cm) circumferences, and a higher prevalence of obesity (25.1% vs. 10.8% in males and 23.7% vs. 14.8% in females). Changes in height and adiposity over a relatively short period of 12 years suggest the likelihood of opposing trends of influences on later disease risk in these populations.

birth weight; body height; body mass index; cohort studies; growth

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index


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