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American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access originally published online on June 24, 2007
American Journal of Epidemiology 2007 166(5):582-591; doi:10.1093/aje/kwm108
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American Journal of Epidemiology © The Author 2007. Published by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS

Renal Cell Cancer and Body Size at Different Ages: An Italian Multicenter Case-Control Study

Luigino Dal Maso1, Antonella Zucchetto1, Alessandra Tavani2, Maurizio Montella3, Valerio Ramazzotti4, Renato Talamini1, Vincenzo Canzonieri5, Antonio Garbeglio6, Eva Negri2, Annamaria Tonini7, Carlo La Vecchia2,8 and Silvia Franceschi9

1 S.O.C. Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano (PN), Italy
2 Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri," Milano, Italy
3 Servizio di Epidemiologia, Istituto Tumori "Fondazione Pascale," Napoli, Italy
4 Servizio Integrato di Epidemiologia e Sistemi Informativi, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Regina Elena," Roma, Italy
5 S.O.C. Anatomia Patologica, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano (PN), Italy
6 Unità Operativa di Urologia, Azienda Ospedaliera "Santa Maria degli Angeli," Pordenone, Italy
7 Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Milano, Italy
8 Istituto di Statistica Medica e Biometria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
9 International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France

Correspondence to Dr. Luigino Dal Maso, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Aviano Cancer Institute, Aviano Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy (e-mail: epidemiology{at}cro.it).

Received for publication November 2, 2006. Accepted for publication March 7, 2007.

An increased risk of renal cell cancer (RCC) has been reported in overweight persons. The authors aimed to clarify which anthropometric measures are associated with risk of RCC and whether risk may vary according to selected variables. Between 1992 and 2004, they carried out an Italian multicenter case-control study including 767 (494 men, 273 women) incident cases of RCC and 1,534 hospital controls, frequency-matched to cases. To estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, they used conditional logistic regression matched on study center, sex, and age and adjusted for period of interview, years of education, smoking habits, and family history of kidney cancer. Using body-size measurements taken 1 year prior to diagnosis/interview, the authors found an odds ratio of 1.3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0, 1.7) among obese persons (body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/height (m)2) ≥30) versus normal-weight persons (BMI <25) and an odds ratio of 1.5 (95% CI: 1.1, 2.0) among persons in the highest tertile of waist-to-hip ratio. Direct associations emerged for BMI ≥30 (vs. <25) at ages 30 years (odds ratio = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.0, 2.3) and 50 years (odds ratio = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1, 2.0). The direct association with waist-to-hip ratio was stronger among women than among men. RCC risks among overweight and obese persons were apparently higher in never smokers, persons with the clear-cell histologic type, and persons with a Fuhrman nuclear grade of G3–G4.

body mass index; body size; carcinoma, renal cell; case-control studies; waist-hip ratio

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; RCC, renal cell carcinoma; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio


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