American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access originally published online on May 29, 2007
American Journal of Epidemiology 2007 166(3):246-254; doi:10.1093/aje/kwm066
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A Meta-Analysis of the Association of N-Acetyltransferase 2 Gene (NAT2) Variants with Breast Cancer
1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
2 Ireland Comprehensive Cancer Center at University Hospitals of Cleveland and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
3 Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
Correspondence to Dr. Robert C. Elston, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Wolstein Research Building, Room 1300, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH 44106-7281 (e-mail: rce{at}darwin.epbi.cwru.edu).
Received for publication September 15, 2006. Accepted for publication January 25, 2007.
The N-acetyltransferase 2 gene (NAT2) product is an enzyme important in carcinogen metabolism via activation and detoxification pathways. Therefore, NAT2 variants may represent underlying susceptibility to breast cancer. Because a number of studies of the association of NAT2 with breast cancer have been published, the authors performed a meta-analysis. They extracted all relevant data to examine evidence for a main effect (i.e., the effect in a model that does not include any interactions) of NAT2 phenotype and genotype on breast cancer risk. They summarized the evidence for modification by smoking and meat intake, sources of exposure to aromatic and heterocyclic amines, respectively, which are metabolized by NAT2. The authors identified seven studies that measured NAT2 phenotype and 20 studies that deduced phenotype via genotyping. They found no evidence for heterogeneity (Cochran's Q statistic p = 0.74) and no statistically significant increased risk from NAT2 acetylation (slow/rapid) for breast cancer (summary odds ratio = 1.02, 95% confidence interval: 0.95, 1.08). These results suggest that there is no overall association between the NAT2 slow- or rapid-acetylation phenotype and breast cancer risk. However, some evidence suggests that smoking may modify this association.
acetyltransferases; breast neoplasms; epidemiology; genotype; meat; NAT2; polymorphism, genetic
Abbreviations: NAT2, N-acetyltransferase 2; PhIP, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]-pyridine
Editor's note: This paper is also available on the website of the Human Genome Epidemiology Network (http://www.cdc.gov/genomics/hugenet/).
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