American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access originally published online on February 26, 2007
American Journal of Epidemiology 2007 165(9):1055-1062; doi:10.1093/aje/kwk114
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ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS |
Association of Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status with Judgments of Body Size
The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study
1 Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
2 Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
Correspondence to Dr. Elizabeth Lynch, Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60601 (e-mail: bethlynch{at}northwestern.edu).
Received for publication June 30, 2006. Accepted for publication October 23, 2006.
The authors assessed the associations of ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES) with body size judgments in Black and White young adults. Self-perceived and ideal body size judgments were measured using the Stunkard nine-figure scale (higher value = larger body) at the year 7 examination (1992–1993) of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. In sex-specific adjusted multiple regression models, the difference between self-perceived and ideal body size judgments was larger for Whites than for Blacks: 0.74 vs. 0.57 for White men vs. Black men (p < 0.05) and 1.48 vs. 0.96 for White women vs. Black women (p < 0.0001). This ethnic difference was evident in all body mass index-stratified adjusted models (all p's < 0.05). In ethnicity/sex-specific adjusted models, lower education was associated with a smaller difference between self-perceived and ideal body size for all groups except White women (p's for trend: White women, 0.57; Black women, <0.0001; White men, 0.0007; Black men, 0.016). Judgments of self-perceived body size differed by ethnicity but not by SES, and judgments of ideal body size differed by SES but not by ethnicity. Learning to make medically accurate judgments of healthy body size may increase the motivation to lose weight in some persons.
body composition; body image; body mass index; body size; ethnic groups; social class
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CARDIA, Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults; SES, socioeconomic status
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