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American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access originally published online on March 30, 2007
American Journal of Epidemiology 2007 165(11):1314-1320; doi:10.1093/aje/kwm005
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American Journal of Epidemiology Copyright © 2007 by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health All rights reserved; printed in U.S.A.

PRACTICE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY

Estimating Population Size with Two- and Three-Stage Sampling Designs

Jacqueline E. Tate1,2 and Michael G. Hudgens3

1 Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
2 MEASURE Evaluation Project, Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
3 Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC

Correspondence to Dr. Jacqueline E. Tate, Epidemiology Branch, Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, MS A47, Atlanta, GA 30333 (e-mail: jqt8{at}cdc.gov).

Received for publication February 1, 2006. Accepted for publication December 5, 2006.

Reliable estimates of population size are important for developing and monitoring health programs in at-risk populations. Laska, Meisner, and Siegel (Biometrics 1988;44:461–72) developed an unbiased estimator for the size of a population at a single venue based on a single sample. Because many populations of interest are not contained within a single venue, this article generalizes the Laska, Meisner, and Siegel estimator to incorporate two- and three-stage sampling designs and enable estimation of total population size over multiple venues. Use of the estimator with two- and three-stage sampling designs is illustrated with examples that estimate the size of a population of individuals who socialize over a 4-week period at public venues where transmission of human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infections is likely to occur.

population size; sampling studies; multistage sampling

Abbreviations: HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; LMS, Laska, Meisner, and Siegel; PLACE, Priorities for Local AIDS Control Efforts


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