Copyright © 2005 by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS |
Serum Levels of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Prospective Study
1 Department of Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
2 Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.
3 Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Aichi, Japan.
4 Department of Public Health/Health Information Dynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
5 Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan.
6 Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan.
7 Department of Epidemiology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
8 Department of Preventive Medicine/Biostatistics and Medical Decision Making, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
To examine the relation between serum fatty acids and risk of colorectal cancer, the authors conducted a nested case-control study of 169 colorectal cancer cases and 481 controls matched by age and enrollment area as part of the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. Serum samples were donated by subjects at baseline (between 1988 and 1990) and were stored at –80°C until 2002. Serum fatty acid levels were measured by using gas chromatography and were expressed as the weight percentage of total lipids. Conditional logistic regression analyses adjusted for lifestyle factors revealed that total 
-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (odds ratio = 0.24, 95% confidence interval: 0.08, 0.76), 
-linolenic acid (odds ratio = 0.39, 95% confidence interval: 0.16, 0.91), docosapentaenoic acid (odds ratio = 0.30, 95% confidence interval: 0.11, 0.80), and docosahexaenoic acid (odds ratio = 0.23, 95% confidence interval: 0.07, 0.76) all showed a significantly decreased risk for the highest versus the lowest quartile levels for colorectal cancer in men. For women, a weak negative association was observed between docosapentaenoic acid and colorectal cancer risk, although it was not statistically significant. No adverse effects of high serum levels of -6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on colorectal cancer risk were detected.
alpha-linolenic acid; chromatography; colorectal neoplasms; docosahexaenoic acids; eicosapentaenoic acid; fatty acids; prospective studies; serum
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; JACC Study, Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for the Evaluation of Cancer Risk; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; Q, quartile.
Reprint requests to Dr. Masayo Kojima, Department of Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan (e-mail: masayok{at}med.nagoya-cu.ac.jp).
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