Am J Epidemiol 2003; 157:980-988.
Copyright © 2003 by Johns
Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS |
Diet Quality Index as a Predictor of Short-term Mortality in the American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort
1 Epidemiology and Surveillance Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA.
2 Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
3 Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
4 Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
5 Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
The Diet Quality Index (DQI) was developed to measure overall dietary patterns and to predict chronic disease risk. This study examined associations between DQI and short-term all-cause, all-circulatory-disease, and all-cancer mortality in the American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort, a cohort of US adults aged 50–79 years enrolled in a prospective study. After 4 years of follow-up (1992–1996), there were 869 deaths among 63,109 women and 1,736 deaths among 52,724 men. All study participants reported being disease free at baseline in 1992–1993. In age-adjusted Cox models, a higher DQI, which was indicative of a poorer quality diet, was positively related to all-cause and all-circulatory-disease mortality rates in both women and men and to cancer mortality in men only. However, in fully adjusted Cox models, only circulatory disease mortality was clearly positively related to DQI and only in women (medium-low-quality diet vs. highest-quality diet: rate ratio = 1.86, 95% confidence interval: 1.19, 2.89). Although trend tests indicated significant positive relations between DQI and all-cause mortality, effects were small (rate ratios 
1.31), and confidence intervals were wide, generally including 1.0. DQI was unrelated to cancer mortality. As currently constructed, the DQI may have limited ability to predict mortality.
cardiovascular diseases; diet; diet surveys; mortality; neoplasms; nutrition; nutrition assessment; nutrition surveys
Abbreviations: Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CPS II, Cancer Prevention Study II; DQI, Diet Quality Index; ICD-9-CM, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification.
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