American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 153, No. 10 : 969-977
Copyright © 2001 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS |
Trends in Nutrient Intake of 10-Year-Old Children over Two Decades (1973–1994)
The Bogalusa Heart Study
1 Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
2 Tulane Center for Cardiovascular Health, Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA.
Dietary intakes of 10-year-old children were examined in seven cross-sectional surveys to observe secular trends in nutrient intake and food consumption patterns over 2 decades (1973–1994). Total energy intake remained unchanged from 1973 to 1994. However, when expressed as energy per kilogram body weight, intake decreased from 65.5 kcal in 1973 to 55.4 kcal in 1994 because children's weight increased. A significant trend was noted in ponderal index, which increased from 12.31 (1973–1974) to 13.71 (1992–1994), with an actual weight gain of 1.45 kg from 1973 to 1979 and 2.71 kg from 1981 to 1994. Linear trends also were noted for total fat (negative), saturated fat (negative), dietary cholesterol (negative), polyunsaturated fat (positive), and total carbohydrate (positive). There was a significant increase in percent energy from protein and carbohydrate and a significant decrease in percent energy from fat, primarily saturated and monounsaturated fat. Trends in nutrient intakes of children reflected trends in food consumption. The percentage of total fat from fats/oils, mixed meats, eggs, milk, pork, and desserts decreased, while that from poultry, cheese, and snacks increased. Although more children met dietary recommendations for total fat, saturated fat, and dietary cholesterol, the vast majority continued to exceed prudent diet recommendations.
child nutrition; diet; energy intake; fats; nutrition surveys
Abbreviations: MENu; Moore Extended Nutrients.
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