American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 150, No. 11: 1208-1212
Copyright © 1999 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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Parental Age at Child's Birth and Son's Risk of Prostate Cancer
The Framingham Study
1Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Medicine Boston, MA
2Section of General Internal Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine Boston, MA
3Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute Bethesda, MD
4Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health Boston, MA
5Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Framingham, MA
The authors examined the relation of parental age at birth to the risk of prostate cancer among sons with the use of data from the Framingham Study. During 42 years of follow-up (1949–1993), 141 prostate cancer cases occurred in 2, 164 men. All but six cases were confirmed by histologic report. The incidence rate of prostate cancer increased from 1.70 per 1, 000 person-years among sons in the lowest quartile of paternal age (<27 years), to 2.00, 2.32, and 2.74 among those of each increased paternal age category (27-<32, 32-<38, and 
38 years). respectively. After adjustment for age and other covariates, men in the second, third, and oldest quartiles of paternal age had 1.2, 1.3, and 1.7 times increased risk of prostate cancer compared with men in the youngest quartile (p for trend = 0.049). Further adjustment for maternal age did not change the relation materially. The association of older paternal age with risk of early-onset prostate cancer (65 years) appeared stronger than that with late-onset disease (65 years). No increased risk of prostate cancer was observed among subjects in the older maternal age category. The effect of increased paternal age on prostate cancer risk may operate through increased germ cell mutation rate or by mechanisms not yet defined. Am J Epidemiol 1999; 150: 1208-12.
cohort studies; maternal age; paternal age; prostatic neoplasms
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