American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 135, No. 7: 726-733
Copyright © 1992 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Independent Protective Effect of Lactation against Breast Cancer: A Case-Control Study in Japan
1Department of Preventive Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine 28 Yongon-dong Chongno-gu Seoul 110-460 Korea
2Division of Epidemiology Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute 1–1 Kanokoden Chfousa-ku Nagoya 464 Japan
3Department of Breast Surgery Aichi Cancer Center Hospital 1-1 Kanokoden Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464 Japan
Reprint requests to Dr. Keun-Young Yoo, Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-dong, Chongnc-gu, Seoul 110–460, Korea.
A case-control study was carried out to assess the risk of breast cancer associated with breast feeding in Japan. The data were obtained in a hospital-based case-control study of 521 women with breast cancer and 521 controls from January 1988 to December 1989. Statistical adjustment for potential confounders as well as a likelihood ratio test for linear trend was done by unconditional logistic regression. Compared with parous women who had never breast-fed, women with a positive history of breast feeding had an odds ratio of breast cancer of 0.62 (95% confidence interval 0.37–1.04). The trend of decreasing risk with increasing average months of breast feeding was statistically significant (
2trend = 4.5, 
<0.05), while it was nonsignificant for the number of breast-fed children borne. Among premenopausal women, a significant linear relation with a log-transformed term of average months of breast feeding was noted, regardless of the age of the woman at first full-term pregnancy and parity (2trend=5.3, < 0.05). The risk was the lowest among premenopausal women who had ever lactated for 7–9 months (adjusted odds ratio = 0.39, 95% confidence interval 0.15–0.97). These findings suggest that lactation has an independent protective effect against breast cancer in Japanese women. Am J Epidemiol 1992;135:726–33.
breast feeding; breast neoplasms; lactation; risk factors
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