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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 134, No. 9: 938-941
Copyright © 1991 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

brief-report

Cigarette Smoking and Risk of Adult Leukemia

Ross C. Brownson1,, Jian C. Chang2 and James R. Davis3

1Division of Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Missouri Department of Health Columbia, MO
2Missouri Cancer Registry, Missouri Department of Health Columbia, MO
3Bureau of Smoking, Tobacco, and Cancer, Missouri Department of Health Columbia, MO

Reprint requests to Dr. Ross C. Brownson, Director, Division of Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Missouri Department of Health, 201 Business Loop 70 West, Columbia, MO 65203

A case-control study investigated the relation between cigarette smoking and histologic subtypes of adult leukemia in Missouri in 1984–1990. Among males, elevated risks associated with ever smoking were observed for acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (odds ratio (OR) = 1.5; 95% confidence interval (Cl) 1.1–2.0) and acute myelocytic leukemia (OR = 1 .5; 95% Cl 1.1–2.1). Females also showed an increased risk of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia associated with ever smoking (OR = 1.4; 95% Cl 1.0–1 .9), with an increasing trend in risk by level of smoking (p < 0.01). Attributable risk estimates of the proportion of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia caused by smoking were 33 percent in males and 29 percent in females. Elevations in risk were not apparent for chronic forms of leukemia. The findings support the hypothesis that some types of leukemia may be etiologically related to cigarette smoking.

leukemia, lymphocytic, chronic; leukemia, myelocytic, acute; leukemia, myeloid, chronic; leukemia, nonlymphocytic, acute; smoking


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