American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 134, No. 3: 268-276
Copyright © 1991 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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Serum Copper and the Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Population Study in Men in Eastern Finland
1Department of Community Health and General Practice, University of Kuopio P.O. Box 6, 70211 Kuopto, Finland.
2Research Institute of Public Health, University of Kuopio Kuopio, Finland
3Department of Chemistry, University of Kuopio Kuopio, Finland.
4Department of Epidemiology, National Public Health Institute of Finland Helsinki, Finland.
Reprint requests to Prof. Jukka T. Salonen at this address
The authors investigated the association of serum copper concentration with the risk of acute myocardial infarction in 1,666 randomly selected men aged 42, 48, 54, or 60 years who had no symptomatic ischemic heart disease at entry. Baseline examinations in the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study in Eastern Finland were done during 1984 to 1988. In Cox multivariate survival models adjusting for age, examination year, ischemic electrocardiogram in exercise, maximal oxygen uptake, diabetes, family history of ischemic heart disease, cigarette-years, mean systolic blood pressure, serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol subfraction HDL2 and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations and blood leukocyte count, serum copper concentration in the two highest tertiles (1.02–1.16 mg/liter and 1.17 mg/liter or more) associated with 3.5-fold (95% confidence interval (Cl) 1.3–9.4, p < 0.05) and 4.0-fold (95 percent Cl 1.5-10.8, p < 0.01) risk of acute myocardial infarction. These data indicate that high copper status, reflected by elevated serum copper concentration, is an independent risk factor for ischemic heart disease. Am J Epidemiol 1991;134:268–76.
copper; coronary disease; longitudinal studies; trace elements
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