American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 134, No. 10: 1167-1174
Copyright © 1991 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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Race, Family Income, and Low Birth Weight
1Department of Health Policy and Management, The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health Baltimore, MD
2Department of Biostatistics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health Baltimore, MD
3Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health Baltimore, MD
4Department of Maternal and Child Health, The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health Baltimore, MD
5Environmental Epidemiology Program, Harvard School of Public Health Boston, MA
Reprint requests to Dr. Barbara Starfield, Department of Health Policy and Management, The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, Hampton House 452, 624 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205
The relations among race, family income, and low birth weight were examined using information obtained from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, which conducted yearly interviews with anationally representative sample of young women identified in the late 1970s. Data were availablefor these women and their offspring from 1979 through 1988. Maternal education, maternal age, age/parity risk, marital status, and smoking during pregnancy served as covariates in cross–sectional and longitudinal analyses. The risk of low birth weight among births to black women and white women who were poor was at similarly high levels regardless of whether poverty was determined prior to study entrance or during the study period. Longitudinal analyses showed an exceptionally large increase in risk of low birth weight among children born to women whose prior pregnancy ended in a low–birth–weight infant. These two findings emphasize the importance of factors antecedent to the pregnancy in the genesis of low birth weight. Am J Epidemiol 1991 ;134:1167-74.
infant; low birth weight; longitudinal studies; social class
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