American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 131, No. 5: 864-876
Copyright © 1990 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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FOOD PREDICTORS OF PLASMA BETA-CAROTENE AND ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL: VALIDATION OF A FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE
1 The Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston, MA
2 Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health Boston, MA
3 Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital, University of Cincinnati Medical School Cincinnati, OH
4 Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, MA
5Department of Preventive Medicine, Harvard, Medical School Boston, MA
6 Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health Boston, MA
Reprint requests to Dr. Isabella Romieu, Channing Laboratory, 180 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115
Nutrient intakes from a food frequency questionnaire are usually calculated as the product of frequency of intake and nutrient composition of the food, summed over the food items. This involves assumptions about the accuracy of recording, food composition data, stability during storage and preparation, and bioavailability. This usual method of calculation was compared with one using empirical weights derived by multivariate linear regression. Food intakes reported on a food frequency questionnaire by Boston, Massachusetts, area subjects in 1982–1985 were used to predict plasma levels of beta-carotene among 370 male and female nonsmokers and plasma levels of alpha-tocopherol among 339 male and female nonusers of vitamin supplements. Nutrient intake computed using empirical weights yielded a significant correlation with plasma beta-carotene (r=0.43, p= 0.0001), similar to the correlation using nutrient intake calculated from food composition tables (r=0.38, p=0.0001). However, the use of empirical weights significantly improved the correlation of vitamin E intake with plasma alpha-tocopherol levels (r=0.32, p=0.0001), compared with the weak correlation obtained using the food composition table method to calculate intake (r=0.16). The results support the validity of published food composition data used to compute carotenoid intake and illustrate the potential utility of empirically derived weights for foods to predict plasma levels of some nutrients.
carotene; diet; questionnaires; vitamin E
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