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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 122, No. 1: 51-65
Copyright © 1985 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health


research-article

REPRODUCIBILITY AND VALIDITY OF A SEMIQUANTITATIVE FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE

WALTER C. WILLETT1,2,, LAURA SAMPSON1, MEIR J. STAMPFER1,2, BERNARD ROSNER1, CHRISTOPHER BAIN3, JELIA WITSCHI2, CHARLES H. HENNEKENS1 and FRANK E. SPEIZER1

1The Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston, MA
2Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health Boston, MA
3Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Queensland Australia

Reprint requests to Dr. Walter C. Willett, Chan-ning Laboratory, 180 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115

The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility and validity of a 61-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire used in a large prospective study among women. This form was administered twice to 173 participants at an interval of approximately one year (1980–1981), and four one-week diet records for each subject were collected during that period. Intraclass correlation coefficients for nutrient intakes estimated by the one-week diet records (range=0.41 for total vitamin A without supplements to 0.79 for vitamin B, with supplements) were similar to those computed from the questionnaire (range=0.49 for total vitamin A without supplements to 0.71 for sucrose), indicating that these methods were generally comparable with respect to reproducibilrty. With the exception of sucrose and total carbohydrate, nutrient intakes from the diet records tended to correlate more strongly with those computed from the questionnaire after adjustment for total caloric intake. Correlation coefficients between the mean calorie-adjusted intakes from the four one-week diet records and those from the questionnaire completed after the diet records ranged from 0.36 for vitamin A without supplements to 0.75 for vitamin C with supplements. Overall, 48% of subjects in the lowest quintile of calorie-adjusted intake computed from the diet records were also in the lowest questionnaire quintile, and 74% were in the lowest one of two questionnaire quintiles. Similarly, 49% of those in the highest diet record quintile were also in the highest questionnaire quintile, and 77% were in the highest one or two questionnaire quintiles. These data indicate that a simple serf-administered dietary questionnaire can provide useful information about individual nutrient intakes over a one-year period.

diet; epidemiologic methods; food; nutrition; nutrition surveys; questionnaires


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J. Nutr., June 1, 2008; 138(6): 1121 - 1128.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
D. W. Kaufman, J. P. Kelly, G. C. Curhan, T. E. Anderson, S. P. Dretler, G. M. Preminger, and D. R. Cave
Oxalobacter formigenes May Reduce the Risk of Calcium Oxalate Kidney Stones
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., June 1, 2008; 19(6): 1197 - 1203.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am J EpidemiolHome page
T. V. Hartert, X. Deng, T. J. Hartman, W. Wen, G. Yang, Y.-T. Gao, M. Jin, C. Bai, M. Gross, L. J. Roberts II, et al.
The Shanghai Women's Asthma and Allergy Study: Objectives, Design, and Recruitment Results
Am. J. Epidemiol., June 1, 2008; 167(11): 1387 - 1396.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am J EpidemiolHome page
K. Ishitani, J. Lin, J. E. Manson, J. E. Buring, and S. M. Zhang
A Prospective Study of Multivitamin Supplement Use and Risk of Breast Cancer
Am. J. Epidemiol., May 15, 2008; 167(10): 1197 - 1206.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am J EpidemiolHome page
E. Oken, J. S. Radesky, R. O. Wright, D. C. Bellinger, C. J. Amarasiriwardena, K. P. Kleinman, H. Hu, and M. W. Gillman
Maternal Fish Intake during Pregnancy, Blood Mercury Levels, and Child Cognition at Age 3 Years in a US Cohort
Am. J. Epidemiol., May 15, 2008; 167(10): 1171 - 1181.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.Home page
M. N. Hall, J. E. Chavarro, I-M. Lee, W. C. Willett, and J. Ma
A 22-year Prospective Study of Fish, n-3 Fatty Acid Intake, and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Men
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., May 1, 2008; 17(5): 1136 - 1143.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J Hum LactHome page
R. Bishara, M. S. Dunn, S. E. Merko, and P. Darling
Nutrient Composition of Hindmilk Produced by Mothers of Very Low Birth Weight Infants Born at Less Than 28 Weeks' Gestation
J Hum Lact, May 1, 2008; 24(2): 159 - 167.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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IOVSHome page
J. H. Kang, W. C. Willett, B. A. Rosner, S. E. Hankinson, and L. R. Pasquale
Caffeine Consumption and the Risk of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Prospective Cohort Study
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., May 1, 2008; 49(5): 1924 - 1931.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
A. Baccarelli, P. A. Cassano, A. Litonjua, S. K. Park, H. Suh, D. Sparrow, P. Vokonas, and J. Schwartz
Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction: Effects From Particulate Air Pollution and Protection by Dietary Methyl Nutrients and Metabolic Polymorphisms
Circulation, April 8, 2008; 117(14): 1802 - 1809.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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PediatricsHome page
S. Malik, M. A. Cleves, M. A. Honein, P. A. Romitti, L. D. Botto, S. Yang, C. A. Hobbs, and and the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Maternal Smoking and Congenital Heart Defects
Pediatrics, April 1, 2008; 121(4): e810 - e816.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Ann Rheum DisHome page
K H Costenbader, D Feskanich, M Holmes, E W Karlson, and E Benito-Garcia
Vitamin D intake and risks of systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis in women
Ann Rheum Dis, April 1, 2008; 67(4): 530 - 535.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Clin. Nutr.Home page
A. W Barclay, P. Petocz, J. McMillan-Price, V. M Flood, T. Prvan, P. Mitchell, and J. C Brand-Miller
Glycemic index, glycemic load, and chronic disease risk--a meta-analysis of observational studies
Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2008; 87(3): 627 - 637.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Clin. Nutr.Home page
B. Dawson-Hughes, S. S Harris, and L. Ceglia
Alkaline diets favor lean tissue mass in older adults
Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2008; 87(3): 662 - 665.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Diabetes CareHome page
C. J. Williams, J. L. Fargnoli, J. J. Hwang, R. M. van Dam, G. L. Blackburn, F. B. Hu, and C. S. Mantzoros
Coffee Consumption Is Associated With Higher Plasma Adiponectin Concentrations in Women With or Without Type 2 Diabetes: A prospective cohort study
Diabetes Care, March 1, 2008; 31(3): 504 - 507.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am J EpidemiolHome page
H. Kan, J. Stevens, G. Heiss, K. M. Rose, and S. J. London
Dietary Fiber, Lung Function, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Am. J. Epidemiol., March 1, 2008; 167(5): 570 - 578.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
P. L. Lutsey, L. M. Steffen, and J. Stevens
Dietary Intake and the Development of the Metabolic Syndrome: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Circulation, February 12, 2008; 117(6): 754 - 761.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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BMJHome page
H. K Choi and G. Curhan
Soft drinks, fructose consumption, and the risk of gout in men: prospective cohort study
BMJ, February 9, 2008; 336(7639): 309 - 312.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Clin. Nutr.Home page
T. L Halton, S. Liu, J. E Manson, and F. B Hu
Low-carbohydrate-diet score and risk of type 2 diabetes in women
Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 2008; 87(2): 339 - 346.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]



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