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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 120, No. 3: 358-369
Copyright © 1984 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

research-article

LARYNGEAL CANCER AND OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO SULFURIC ACID

COLIN L. SOSKOLNE1,, ELAINE A. ZEIGHAMI2, NANCY M. HANIS3, LAWRENCE L. KUPPER4, NIRA HERRMANN5, JONATHAN AMSEL5, JUDITH S. MAUSNER6 and JEANNE M. SELLMAN7

1Ontario Cancer Treatment and Research Foundation and the University of Toronto Canada
2Oak Ridge National Laboratory TN
3University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Rutgers Medical School NJ
4University of North Carolina NC
5University of Pennsylvania PA
6The Medical College of Pennsylvania and Hospital PA
7Columbia University NY

Send reprint requests to Dr. Colin L. Sakolne, Ontario Cancer Foundation, Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistice, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A8

Workers on an ethanol unit which used sulfuric acid in strong concentrations at a large refinery and chemical plant in Baton Rouge, Louisiana were reported, in 1979, at excess risk for upper respiratory cancer. The carcinogen implicated by indirect evidence was diethyl sulfate. However, with the continued use of sulfuric acid in the same plant, and with additional cases not attributable to the ethanol process, the hypothesis of an association between sulfuric acid exposure and upper respiratory cancer was tested. Each of 50 confirmed cases of upper resplratory cancer diagnosed between 1944 and 1980, was matched to at least three controls on sex, race, age, date of initial employment, and duration of employment. Thirty-four of the 50 cases were laryngeal cancers. Data were obtained from existing plant records. Retrospective estimates of exposure were made without regard to case or control status. Findings from conditional logistic regression techniques were supported by other statistical methods. Among workers classified as potentially highly exposed, four-told relative risks for ail upper respiratory cancer sites combined were exceeded by the relative risk for laryngeal cancer specifically. Exposure-response and consistency across various comparisons after controlling statlstlcaiiy for tobacco-use, alcoholism and other previously implicated risk factors, suggest increased cancer risk with higher exposure.

environment; epidemiologic methods; industry; laryngeal neoplasms; neoplasms; occupatlonai dlseeses; sulfuric acids


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