American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 119, No. 6: 896-906
Copyright © 1984 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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A CASE-CONTROL STUDY OF CANCERS OF THE NASAL CAVITY AND PARANASAL SINUSES
1Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute Bethesda, MD
2Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of North Carolina Medical Center Chapel Hill, NC
3Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC
Send reprint requests to Dr. Louise A. Brinton, Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Landow Bldg. 3C06, Bethesda, MD 20205.
Brinton, L. A. (NCI, Bethesda, MD 20205), W. J. Blot, J. A. Becker, D. M. Winn, J. P. Browder, J. C. Farmer, Jr. and J. F. Fraumenl, Jr. A case-control study of cancers of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Am J Epidemiol 1984; 119: 896–906.
To examine occupation, smoking, and other risk factors for nasal cancer, a case-control study was conducted among 160 patients, who were admitted to four hospitals in North Carolina and Virginia between 1970 and 1980, and 290 controls. Employment in the furniture industry was not associated with squamous cell tumors, but such employment increased the risk of nasal adenocarcinoma by fivefold. In addition, approximately threefold excess risks of adenocarcinoma were observed for those employed in other industries involving possible exposure to wood dust. Elevated risks among males were also associated with occupational exposures to chromates (relative risk (RR) = 5.1) and chemicals (RR = 2.7). Among females, an excess risk was associated with employment in the textile industry, particularly for jobs involving dust exposure (RR = 2.3). Although there was no evidence that alcohol consumption affected risk, heavy cigarette smokers were at a two- to threefold excess risk (predominantly for squamous cell tumors); in addition, there was evidence that there was an elevated risk associated with the use of snuff. Elevated risks were also associated with histories of nasal polyps (RR = 8.3), recurrent nose bleeds (RR = 2.0), and sinus trouble (RR = 2.7). These findings provide leads for further studies, and underscore the importance of distinguishing between histologic types.
nasal cavity; neoplasms; occupations; smoking
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