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American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access originally published online on February 22, 2008
American Journal of Epidemiology 2008 167(7):882-883; doi:10.1093/aje/kwn020
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American Journal of Epidemiology © The Author 2008. Published by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

THREE OF THE AUTHORS REPLY

Jiang He1, Kristi Reynolds1 and Dongfeng Gu2

1 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112
2 Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China

(e-mail: jhe{at}tulane.edu)

We thank Gades et al. (1) for their interest in our work (2). Self-reported history of physician-diagnosed vascular disease was confirmed by medical records in our study (3). Clearly, age is an important risk factor for both erectile dysfunction and diabetes, and thus a confounding factor for the association between the two. We agree that the decision as to whether age adjustment removes a confounding effect or overadjusts the results is a judgment call.

In their 2005 study, Gades et al. examined the association between cigarette smoking and erectile dysfunction among 1,329 men in Olmsted County, Minnesota (4). Although the investigation was designed as a prospective cohort study, the effect of baseline cigarette smoking and subsequent incidence of erectile dysfunction was not examined. A well-designed prospective cohort study with a large, population-based sample is still needed to examine the association between cigarette smoking and risk of developing erectile dysfunction.


   ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
 
Conflict of interest: none declared.


   References
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 References
 

  1. Gades NM, Nehra A, Jacobson DJ, et al. Re: "Cigarette smoking and erectile dysfunction among Chinese men without clinical vascular disease." (Letter). Am J Epidemiol (2008) 167:882.[Free Full Text]
  2. He J, Reynolds K, Chen J, et al. Cigarette smoking and erectile dysfunction among Chinese men without clinical vascular disease. Am J Epidemiol (2007) 166:803–9.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  3. He J, Neal B, Gu D, et al. International Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease in Asia: design, rationale, and preliminary results. Ethn Dis (2004) 14:260–8.[Web of Science][Medline]
  4. Gades NM, Nehra A, Jacobson DJ, et al. Association between smoking and erectile dysfunction: a population-based study. Am J Epidemiol (2005) 161:346–51.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

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This Article
Right arrow Extract Freely available
Right arrow FREE Full Text (PDF) Freely available
Right arrow All Versions of this Article:
167/7/882    most recent
kwn020v1
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
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Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by He, J.
Right arrow Articles by Gu, D.
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PubMed
Right arrow Articles by He, J.
Right arrow Articles by Gu, D.
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