American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access published online on August 21, 2008
American Journal of Epidemiology, doi:10.1093/aje/kwn204
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Original Contribution |
Linking Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls With Fatty Fish Consumption and Reduced Fetal Growth Among Danish Pregnant Women: A Cause for Concern?
Correspondence to Thorhallur Ingi Halldorsson, Maternal Nutrition Group, Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Arillerivej 5, Building 206, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark (e-mail: lur{at}ssi.dk).
Received for publication March 17, 2008. Accepted for publication June 12, 2008.
In a selected group of women from the Danish National Birth Cohort, the authors investigated the association between intake of fatty fish and plasma concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on the one hand and the association between maternal PCB concentrations and fetal growth on the other. Of 70,183 women who filled in a food frequency questionnaire during 1996–2002, 100 nulliparous women aged 25–35 years with normal prepregnancy body mass index were selected according to their intake of fatty fish (low (0 meals/month, n = 34), medium (1–3 meals/month, n = 33), or high (
4 meals/month, n = 33)). Women with a high intake of fatty fish had 50% (95% confidence interval (CI): 31, 72) higher plasma PCB concentrations than women with low intake. Maternal plasma PCB concentrations were inversely associated with birth weight and placental weight. The adjusted mean difference between the 75th and 25th PCB percentiles was –155 g (95% CI: –291, –19) for birth weight and –81 g (95% CI: –135, –26) for placental weight. These results support previous findings from this cohort, where fatty fish intake was inversely associated with fetal growth. Dietary recommendations often encourage weekly consumption of fatty fish. These results suggest that potential exposure to PCBs should be carefully considered before recommending such intakes among women of childbearing age.
birth weight; Denmark; fatty acids, omega-3; fishes; polychlorinated biphenyls; pregnancy; seafood
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; DDE, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene; DDT, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane; FFQ, food frequency questionnaire; PCBs, polychlorinated biphenyls; SD, standard deviation
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