American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access originally published online on April 4, 2008
American Journal of Epidemiology 2008 167(11):1312-1320; doi:10.1093/aje/kwn069
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ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS |
Association between Serum trans-Monounsaturated Fatty Acids and Breast Cancer Risk in the E3N-EPIC Study
1 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, FRE 2939, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
2 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, ERI-20, EA4045, and Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
Correspondence to Dr. Véronique Chajès, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, FRE 2939, Institut Gustave Roussy, 29, rue Camille Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif, France (e-mail: chajes{at}igr.fr).
Received for publication July 5, 2007. Accepted for publication February 19, 2008.
The authors assessed the association between serum phospholipid fatty acids as biomarkers of fatty acid intake and breast cancer risk among women in the E3N Study (1989–2002), the French component of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. During an average of 7 years of follow-up, 363 cases of incident invasive breast cancer were documented among 19,934 women who, at baseline (1995–1998), had completed a diet history questionnaire and provided serum samples. Controls were randomly matched to cases by age, menopausal status at blood collection, fasting status at blood collection, date, and collection center. Serum phospholipid fatty acid composition was assessed by gas chromatography. Adjusted odds ratios for risk of breast cancer with increasing levels of fatty acids were calculated using conditional logistic regression. An increased risk of breast cancer was associated with increasing levels of the trans-monounsaturated fatty acids palmitoleic acid and elaidic acid (highest quintile vs. lowest: odds ratio = 1.75, 95% confidence interval: 1.08, 2.83; p-trend = 0.018). cis-Monounsaturated fatty acids were unrelated to breast cancer risk. A high serum level of trans-monounsaturated fatty acids, presumably reflecting a high intake of industrially processed foods, is probably one factor contributing to increased risk of invasive breast cancer in women.
breast neoplasms; diet; fatty acids; trans fatty acids
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; EPIC, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; OR, odds ratio; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; SI, saturation index
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