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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 95, No. 1: 53-58
Copyright © 1972 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

research-article

JOINT REACTIONS IN CHILDREN VACCINATED AGAINST RUBELLA

STUDY I: COMPARISON OF TWO VACCINES1

STEPHEN M. AUSTIN, RONALD ALTMAN2, E. KENNETH BARNES and WILLIAM J. DOUGHERTY

2 Reprint requests to Dr. Altman, New Jersey State Department of Health, P.O. Box 1540, Trenton, N.J. 08625.

Austin, S. M., R. Altman (New Jersey Dept. of Health, P.O. Box 1540, Trenton, N. J. 08625), E. K. Barnes and W. J. Dougherty. Joint reactions in children vaccinated against rubella. Study I: Comparison of two vaccines. Am J Epidemiol 95: 53–58, 1972.—During the course of public rubella vaccination programs in New Jersey, it became apparent that arthralgia and arthritis associated with the use of rubella vaccine in children were a significant problem. Approximately two months after public vaccination programs, questionnaires were sent home with school children in nine New Jersey communities, six of which had used dog kidney rubella vaccine and three of which had used duck embryo vaccine. Telephone calls were made to nonresponding families until approximately 80% of the questionnaires were completed in each community. Among 3390 dog kidney vaccinees, 10.9% experienced joint reactions compared to 4.7% of 3708 duck embryo vaccinees. Reaction rates varied in the dog kidney communities from 5.7 to 15.1% and in the duck embryo communities from 4.5 to 5.2%. Only four of 2700 unvaccinated children had joint symptoms. Of dog kidney vaccinees, 2.3% saw physicians for joint symptoms compared with 0.6% of duck embryo recipients. Joint reactions are a significant problem for children receiving rubella vaccine; dog kidney vaccine causes more frequent and more severe reactions than duck embryo vaccine.

arthritis; joints; rubella; rubella virus; vaccines

1 From the New Jersey Department of Health, Trenton, N.J., and the Center for Disease Control, Atlanta, Ga.


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