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American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access originally published online on February 11, 2009
American Journal of Epidemiology 2009 169(6):756-760; doi:10.1093/aje/kwn411
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American Journal of Epidemiology © The Author 2009. Published by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

PRACTICE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY

Estimation of the Relative Excess Risk Due to Interaction and Associated Confidence Bounds

David B. Richardson and Jay S. Kaufman

Correspondence to Dr. David Richardson, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 (e-mail: david.richardson{at}unc.edu).

Received for publication September 17, 2008. Accepted for publication December 11, 2008.

The relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) provides a useful metric of departure from additivity of effects on a relative risk scale. In this paper, the authors show that RERI is identical to the product term in a linear odds ratio or a linear relative risk model. SAS and STATA codes are provided for fitting a linear odds ratio model that directly parameterizes RERI. In addition, this paper presents a method for obtaining likelihood-based 95% confidence bound estimates for RERI. The authors show that likelihood-based confidence intervals may differ substantially from the asymptotic confidence interval estimates advocated by previous authors. The approach presented in this paper should facilitate estimation of RERI and associated likelihood-based confidence bounds, by using standard statistical packages.

confidence intervals; interaction; logistic regression; risk ratio

Abbreviations: ERR, excess relative risk; RERI, relative excess risk due to interaction; RR, relative risk


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