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American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access originally published online on November 20, 2008
American Journal of Epidemiology 2009 169(2):219-226; doi:10.1093/aje/kwn353
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American Journal of Epidemiology © The Author 2008. Published by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

PRACTICE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY

Gene-Environment Interaction in Genome-Wide Association Studies

Cassandra E. Murcray, Juan Pablo Lewinger and W. James Gauderman

Correspondence to Cassandra E. Murcray, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar Street, CHP 222F, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9010 (e-mail: murcray{at}usc.edu).

Received for publication November 27, 2007. Accepted for publication May 5, 2008.

It is a commonly held belief that most complex diseases (e.g., diabetes, asthma, cancer) are affected in part by interactions between genes and environmental factors. However, investigators conducting genome-wide association studies typically test for only the marginal effects of each genetic marker on disease. In this paper, the authors propose an efficient and easily implemented 2-step analysis of genome-wide association study data aimed at identifying genes involved in a gene-environment interaction. The procedure complements screening for marginal genetic effects and thus has the potential to uncover new genetic signals that have not been identified previously.

association; environment; genes; genetic markers; genetics; genome

Abbreviations: E, environment; G, gene; GWAS, genome-wide association study; OR, odds ratio; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism

Editor's note: Two invited commentaries on this article appear on pages 227 and 231, and the authors’ response is published on page 234.


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Related articles in Am. J. Epidemiol.:

Invited Commentary: From Genome-Wide Association Studies to Gene-Environment-Wide Interaction Studies—Challenges and Opportunities
Muin J. Khoury and Sholom Wacholder
Am. J. Epidemiol. 2009 169: 227-230. [Abstract] [FREE Full Text]  

Invited Commentary: Efficient Testing of Gene-Environment Interaction
Nilanjan Chatterjee and Sholom Wacholder
Am. J. Epidemiol. 2009 169: 231-233. [Abstract] [FREE Full Text]  

Murcray et al. Respond to the Invited Commentaries
Cassandra E. Murcray, Juan Pablo Lewinger, and W. James Gauderman
Am. J. Epidemiol. 2009 169: 234-235. [Extract] [FREE Full Text]  



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