American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access originally published online on January 7, 2008
American Journal of Epidemiology 2008 167(4):390-399; doi:10.1093/aje/kwm356
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ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS |
Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Urine Leakage in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Population of Adults
The Boston Area Community Health (BACH) Survey
1 New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA
2 University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA
Correspondence to Dr. Sharon Tennstedt, New England Research Institutes, 9 Galen Street, Watertown, MA 02111 (e-mail: stennstedt{at}neriscience.com).
Received for publication July 14, 2006. Accepted for publication May 31, 2007.
Most epidemiologic studies of urine leakage in the United States report on women and White populations. In this study, the authors determined the prevalence of urine leakage across genders and racial/ethnic groups in a population-based sample of 5,506 adults aged 30–79 years and identified factors related to leakage within genders and racial/ethnic groups. The prevalence of weekly urine leakage was 8% overall, 10.4% in women, and 5.3% in men. White women (11.7%) were more likely than Black (9.4%) and Hispanic (7.3%) women to report weekly leakage and to report stress-type (35.4% vs. 9.4% and 14.5%, respectively) and urge-type (13.4% vs. 3.3% and 10.8%, respectively) leakage. Rates and leakage types for men did not vary by race/ethnicity. For women, central obesity, asthma, and arthritis increased the odds of weekly leakage. For men, the odds of leakage increased for Blacks and Whites at ages 50 and 60 years, respectively, and for Hispanics of higher social class. For both genders, various comorbid conditions, including heart disease, asthma, and depression, increased the odds of leakage in varying racial/ethnic groups. The authors conclude that types of and risk factors for urine leakage vary by gender and racial/ethnic group.
prevalence; urinary incontinence
Abbreviations: BACH, Boston Area Community Health; NHANES III, Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Editor's note: An invited commentary on this article appears on page 400, and the authors' response appears on page 404.
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Related articles in Am. J. Epidemiol.:
- Invited Commentary: The Contribution of the BACH Survey to the Epidemiology of Urinary Incontinence
- David H. Thom
Am. J. Epidemiol. 2008 167: 400-403.[Abstract] [FREE Full Text] - Tennstedt et al. Respond to "BACH and the Epidemiology of Urinary Incontinence"
- Sharon L. Tennstedt, Carol L. Link, William D. Steers, and John B. McKinlay
Am. J. Epidemiol. 2008 167: 404-405.[Extract] [FREE Full Text]
This article has been cited by other articles:
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  C. W. McGrother, M. M. K. Donaldson, and J. R. Thompson RE: "PREVALENCE OF AND RISK FACTORS FOR URINE LEAKAGE IN A RACIALLY AND ETHNICALLY DIVERSE POPULATION OF ADULTS: THE BOSTON AREA COMMUNITY HEALTH (BACH) SURVEY" Am. J. Epidemiol., July 15, 2008; 168(2): 234 - 234. [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. H. Thom THE AUTHOR OF THE INVITED COMMENTARY REPLIES Am. J. Epidemiol., July 15, 2008; 168(2): 235 - 236. [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. L. Tennstedt, C. L. Link, W. D. Steers, and J. B. McKinlay THE AUTHORS REPLY Am. J. Epidemiol., July 15, 2008; 168(2): 234 - 235. [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. H. Thom Invited Commentary: The Contribution of the BACH Survey to the Epidemiology of Urinary Incontinence Am. J. Epidemiol., February 15, 2008; 167(4): 400 - 403. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. L. Tennstedt, C. L. Link, W. D. Steers, and J. B. McKinlay Tennstedt et al. Respond to "BACH and the Epidemiology of Urinary Incontinence" Am. J. Epidemiol., February 15, 2008; 167(4): 404 - 405. [Full Text] [PDF]
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