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American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access originally published online on April 21, 2007
American Journal of Epidemiology 2007 166(2):212-218; doi:10.1093/aje/kwm064
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American Journal of Epidemiology Published by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health 2007.

ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS

Motor Vehicle Crash Injury Rates by Mode of Travel, United States: Using Exposure-Based Methods to Quantify Differences

Laurie F. Beck1, Ann M. Dellinger1 and Mary E. O'Neil2

1 National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
2 Division of Statistics and Epidemiology, Research Triangle Institute, Atlanta, GA

Correspondence to Laurie F. Beck, CDC/NCIPC, 4770 Buford Highway, MS K63, Atlanta, GA 30341 (e-mail: LBeck{at}cdc.gov).

Received for publication August 2, 2006. Accepted for publication January 22, 2007.

The authors used traffic exposure data to calculate exposure-based fatal and nonfatal traffic injury rates in the United States. Nationally representative data were used to identify fatal and nonfatal traffic injuries that occurred from 1999 to 2003, and the 2001 National Household Travel Survey was used to estimate traffic exposure (i.e., person-trips). Fatal and nonfatal traffic injury rates per 100 million person-trips were calculated by mode of travel, sex, and age group. The overall fatal traffic injury rate was 10.4 per 100 million person-trips. Fatal injury rates were highest for motorcyclists, pedestrians, and bicyclists. The nonfatal traffic injury rate was 754.6 per 100 million person-trips. Nonfatal injury rates were highest for motorcyclists and bicyclists. Exposure-based traffic injury rates varied by mode of travel, sex, and age group. Motorcyclists, pedestrians, and bicyclists faced increased injury risks. Males, adolescents, and the elderly were also at increased risk. Effective interventions are available and should be implemented to protect these vulnerable road users.

accidents, traffic; environment design; risk assessment

Abbreviations: FARS, Fatality Analysis Reporting System; GES, General Estimates System; NHTS, National Household Travel Survey


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