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American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access originally published online on December 12, 2006
American Journal of Epidemiology 2007 165(5):486-495; doi:10.1093/aje/kwk041
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American Journal of Epidemiology Copyright © 2006 by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health All rights reserved; printed in U.S.A.

ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS

Birth Characteristics and Risk of Neuroblastoma in Young Children

Kevin Y. Urayama1, Julie Von Behren2 and Peggy Reynolds2

1 Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA
2 Northern California Cancer Center, Berkeley, CA

Correspondence to Dr. Peggy Reynolds, Northern California Cancer Center, 2001 Center Street, Suite 700, Berkeley, CA 94704 (e-mail: preynolds{at}nccc.org).

Received for publication September 20, 2005. Accepted for publication July 26, 2006.

The peak incidence of neuroblastoma during infancy suggests that certain prenatal or perinatal factors may be etiologically important. In this population-based study, California birth certificates were identified for 508 (86%) neuroblastoma cases diagnosed at less than 5 years of age between 1988 and 1997. For each case, two controls, matched on date of birth and gender, were randomly selected from the statewide birth registry. Results of multivariate analyses showed a reduced risk for children of Hispanic (odds ratio (OR) = 0.57, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43, 0.76) and "other" (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.37, 0.85) race/ethnicity, compared with non-Hispanic Whites. Postterm/high birth weight delivery was associated with an increased risk of neuroblastoma compared with term/normal birth weight delivery among infants (OR = 6.99, 95% CI: 1.07, 45.55), while preterm birth appeared suggestive of a reduced risk among children 1–4 years of age. For children in this age group, the risk of neuroblastoma was elevated for cesarean delivery compared with vaginal delivery (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.21, 2.47), and, for infants, the risk was reduced if the mother had had multiple previous pregnancies (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.22, 0.69). These data suggest that etiologic factors associated with the prenatal and perinatal periods may be specific to age at neuroblastoma diagnosis.

birth certificates; birth weight; case-control studies; gestational age; neuroblastoma; risk factors

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio


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