American Journal of Epidemiology Advance Access originally published online on September 28, 2005
American Journal of Epidemiology 2005 162(10):943-952; doi:10.1093/aje/kwi306
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Original Contribution |
Associations between Breast Cancer Risk and the Catalase Genotype, Fruit and Vegetable Consumption, and Supplement Use
1 Department of Epidemiology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
2 Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
3 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
4 Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
5 Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
6 Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
7 Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY
8 Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
Correspondence to Dr. Christine B. Ambrosone, Department of Epidemiology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263 (e-mail: christine.ambrosone{at}roswellpark.org).
Observed weak or null associations between fruit and vegetable intake and breast cancer risk could be due to heterogeneity in endogenous antioxidant capabilities. The authors evaluated potential relations between a functional polymorphism in catalase, an antioxidant enzyme, and breast cancer risk, particularly in relation to fruit and vegetable intake and supplement use. Women (1,008 cases and 1,056 controls) in the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project (1996–1997) were interviewed, completed a food frequency questionnaire, and provided blood for genotyping. The high-activity catalase CC genotype was associated with an overall 17% reduction in risk of breast cancer compared with having at least one variant T allele (odds ratio = 0.83, 95% confidence interval: 0.69, 1.00). Vegetable and, particularly, fruit consumption contributed to the decreased risk associated with the catalase CC genotype. Associations were more pronounced among women who did not use vitamin supplements, with a significant multiplicative interaction (pinteraction = 0.02) for the CC genotype and high fruit intake (odds ratio = 0.59, 95% confidence interval: 0.38, 0.89), and there was no association among supplement users. These results indicate the importance of diet, rather than supplement use, in concert with endogenous antioxidant capabilities, in the reduction of breast cancer risk. CC genotypes were prevalent in approximately 64% of controls; thus, the preventive potential for fruit consumption has widespread implications.
breast neoplasms; catalase; fruit; oxidative stress; vegetables; vitamins
Abbreviations: CAT, catalase (gene); CI, confidence interval; LIBCSP, Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project; OR, odds ratio
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