Skip Navigation

American Journal of Epidemiology 2005 161(9):881-890; doi:10.1093/aje/kwi116
This Article
Right arrow Full Text Freely available
Right arrow FREE Full Text (PDF) Freely available
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in ISI Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Search for citing articles in:
ISI Web of Science (9)
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Disclaimer
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Chu, J. H.
Right arrow Articles by Greenblatt, R. M.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Chu, J. H.
Right arrow Articles by Greenblatt, R. M.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?

American Journal of Epidemiology Copyright © 2005 by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health All rights reserved

ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS

Hormonal Contraceptive Use and the Effectiveness of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Jaclyn H. Chu1, Stephen J. Gange1, Kathryn Anastos2, Howard Minkoff3, Helen Cejtin4, Melanie Bacon5, Alexandra Levine6 and Ruth M. Greenblatt7

1 Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
2 Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY
3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maimonides Medical Center and SUNY Health Sciences Center at Brooklyn, New York, NY
4 Cook County Hospital, Chicago, IL
5 Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
6 Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
7 Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA

Reprint requests to Dr. Stephen J. Gange, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Room E-7638, Baltimore, MD 21205 (e-mail: sgange{at}jhsph.edu).

The role of hormonal contraceptive use in the effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was examined among participants in the Women's Interagency HIV Study who were followed from HAART initiation to 2001. Propensity score selection was used to match 77 hormonal contraceptive users with 77 nonusers on age, race, and pre-HAART CD4-positive T-lymphocyte (CD4+ cell) count and viral load. The authors compared hormonal contraceptive users and nonusers with regard to the CD4+ cell count and viral load responses to HAART upon initiation. Proportional hazards analyses were used to assess the effect of hormonal contraceptive use on times to increases in CD4+ cell count of 50 cells/mm3 and 100 cells/mm3 and achievement of an undetectable viral load. There were no statistically significant differences in CD4+ cell counts and log viral load responses by hormone use after HAART initiation, except in log viral load at the third visit after initiation (p = 0.047). Time-dependent hormonal contraceptive use was not a statistically significant predictor of achieving increases in CD4+ cell count of 50 cells/mm3 and 100 cells/mm3 or an undetectable viral load (p = 0.517, p = 0.751, and p = 0.218, respectively) after HAART initiation. In conclusion, the authors did not find substantial evidence that use of hormonal contraceptives strongly affected responses to HAART.

antiretroviral therapy, highly active; contraceptives, oral, hormonal; HIV; hormones; levonorgestrel; medroxyprogesterone 17-acetate

Abbreviations: HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; NNRTI, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; WIHS, Women's Interagency HIV Study


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 pdiHome page
C.-Y. Chou, I-K. Wang, J.-H. Liu, H.-H. Lin, S.-M. Wang, and C.-C. Huang
COMPARING SURVIVAL BETWEEN PERITONEAL DIALYSIS AND HEMODIALYSIS TREATMENT IN ESRD PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C INFECTION
Perit. Dial. Int., January 1, 2010; 30(1): 86 - 90.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 AJPHHome page
S. Gruskin, R. Firestone, S. MacCarthy, and L. Ferguson
HIV and Pregnancy Intentions: Do Services Adequately Respond to Women's Needs?
Am J Public Health, October 1, 2008; 98(10): 1746 - 1750.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Gender Technology and DevelopmentHome page
Norwegian Scholarships for the Master's and Doctoral Programs
Gender Technology and Development, November 1, 2007; 11(3): 417 - 427.
[PDF]


Disclaimer: Please note that abstracts for content published before 1996 were created through digital scanning and may therefore not exactly replicate the text of the original print issues. All efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, but the Publisher will not be held responsible for any remaining inaccuracies. If you require any further clarification, please contact our Customer Services Department.