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American Journal of Epidemiology 2005 161(9):824-830; doi:10.1093/aje/kwi105
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American Journal of Epidemiology Copyright © 2005 by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health All rights reserved

ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS

Determining the Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Related Factors using Quantitative Ultrasound in Vietnamese Adult Women

Vu Thi Thu Hien1,2, Nguyen Cong Khan2, Nguyen Thi Lam2, Le Bach Mai2, DucSon NguyenTrung Le1,3, Bui Thi Nhung1,2, Masayo Nakamori1, Daisuke Kunii1, Tohru Sakai1 and Shigeru Yamamoto1

1 Division of International Public Health Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
2 Vietnam National Institute of Nutrition, Hanoi, Vietnam
3 Nutrition Center of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Reprint requests to Dr. Shigeru Yamamoto, Division of International Public Health Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan (e-mail: syamamoto{at}nutr.med.tokoshima-u.ac.jp).

In 2003, the authors conducted a population-based, cross-sectional survey to determine the prevalence of osteoporosis and related factors in Vietnamese adult women by using quantitative ultrasound at the heel bone (calcaneus). A total of 2,232 adult women aged ≥20 years, living in Hanoi City, and free of illnesses affecting bone metabolism were randomly selected to participate in the study. Subjects' bone mass was assessed by speed of sound at the calcaneus, referred to as quantitative ultrasound measurement. The T-score threshold, defined as ≤–1.8, was used to identify subjects with osteoporosis. The crude prevalence of osteoporosis in Hanoi City was 15.4%; after adjustment for age, it was 9.0%. Among premenopausal women, the crude prevalence of osteoporosis was higher in the urban areas compared with the rural areas. By contrast, postmenopausal women in the rural areas had a higher prevalence of osteoporosis. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that factors associated with low speed of sound were age, menopause, educational level, lifelong occupation, recreational weight-bearing exercise, number of births, and height. Results suggest that osteoporosis is a noteworthy problem in Vietnam, and intervention strategies should be considered to control it, especially in high-risk populations.

cross-sectional studies; osteoporosis; risk factors; ultrasonics; Vietnam

Abbreviations: QUS, quantitative ultrasound


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