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American Journal of Epidemiology 2005 161(11):1066-1073; doi:10.1093/aje/kwi139
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American Journal of Epidemiology Copyright © 2005 by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health All rights reserved

ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS

Incidence of Primary Headache: A Danish Epidemiologic Follow-up Study

A. C. Lyngberg1,2, B. K. Rasmussen3, T. Jørgensen1 and R. Jensen2

1 Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
2 Danish Headache Centre, Department of Neurology, Glostrup University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
3 Department of Neurology, Hilleroed Hospital, Hilleroed, Denmark

Correspondence to Dr. Ann C. Lyngberg, Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Ndr. Ringvej 57, Building 84/85, DK-2600 Glostrup, Denmark (e-mail: anchly01{at}glostruphosp.kbhamt.dk).

The incidence of migraine in a general population has been assessed in few longitudinal studies, and the incidence of tension-type headache has never been assessed. The authors aimed to assess the incidence of migraine and tension-type headache in Denmark by conducting a 12-year follow-up study of a general population (1989–2001). The design and methods of follow-up replicated the baseline study exactly, including use of the International Headache Society's diagnostic criteria and administration of headache diagnostic interviews by a physician. Of 740 persons aged 25–64 years examined in 1989, 673 were eligible in 2001 and 549 (81.6%) participated. The incidence of migraine was 8.1 per 1,000 person-years (male:female ratio, 1:6), and the incidence of frequent tension-type headache was 14.2 per 1,000 person-years (male:female ratio, 1:3). Both rates decreased with age. The incidence of migraine was higher than that previously calculated from cross-sectional studies. Risk factors for migraine were familial disposition, no vocational education, a high work load, and frequent tension-type headache. For tension-type headache, risk factors were poor self-rated health, inability to relax after work, and sleeping few hours per night. The gender difference for tension-type headache differed from that for migraine, and no association with educational level was observed.

epidemiologic studies; follow-up studies; headache; incidence; longitudinal studies; migraine; risk factors; tension headache


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