Am J Epidemiol 2004; 159:454-466.
Copyright © 2004 by the Johns
Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS |
Diet and Nutrient Intakes and Risk of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma in Connecticut Women
1 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
2 Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD.
3 Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
4 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
5 Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT.
6 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
A population-based case-control study (601 cases and 717 controls) was conducted in 1995–2001 among Connecticut women to evaluate the relation between diet and nutrient intakes and the risk of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). When the highest quartile of intake was compared with the lowest, the authors found an increased risk of NHL associated with animal protein (odds ratio = 1.7, 95% confidence interval: 1.2, 2.4) and saturated fat (odds ratio = 1.9, 95% confidence interval: 1.1, 2.3) but a reduced risk for polyunsaturated fat (odds ratio = 0.6, 95% confidence interval: 0.4, 0.9) and no relation for vegetable protein and monounsaturated fat. An increased risk was also observed for higher intakes of retinol, eggs, and dairy products. On the other hand, a reduced risk was found for higher intakes of dietary fiber and for several fruit and vegetable items. Risk of NHL associated with diet and nutrient intakes appeared to vary based on NHL subtype. An association between dietary intake and NHL risk is biologically plausible because diets high in protein and fat may lead to altered immunocompetence, resulting in an increased risk of NHL. The antioxidant or inhibiting nitrosation reaction properties of vegetables and fruits may result in a reduced risk. Further investigation of the role of dietary intakes on the risk of NHL is warranted.
case-control studies; diet; dietary fats; lymphoma, non-Hodgkin; proteins; risk factors; women
Abbreviations: Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; NHL, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma; OR, odds ratio; RR, relative risk.
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