Am J Epidemiol 2004; 159:319-335.
Copyright © 2004 by the Johns
Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
HUMAN GENOME EPIDEMIOLOGY (HuGE) REVIEW |
Ovarian Cancer and Polymorphisms in the Androgen and Progesterone Receptor Genes: A HuGE Review
From the Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Ovarian cancer is the second most common gynecologic cancer among women and the second leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancy worldwide. Androgens, acting through androgen receptors (ARs), have been implicated in the disease, while progestins, acting through progesterone receptors (PGRs), may provide protection against the disease. The PGR gene contains several polymorphisms in the hormone-binding domain, three of which are in linkage disequilibrium (a complex referred to as PROGINS). PROGINS has been associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer. This association has not been found consistently, and it may be limited to women who do not use oral contraceptives. The AR gene contains a trinucleotide CAG repeat, the length of which has been inversely associated with the ability of the AR-ligand complex to transactivate androgen-responsive genes. Data on the association between the AR repeat length and ovarian cancer, both in general and among carriers of mutations in the breast cancer 1 and 2 (BRCA1/2) genes, are inconclusive. There is insufficient evidence that polymorphisms in either the PGR gene or the AR gene may be a risk factor for ovarian cancer, alone or in combination with other factors. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and clinical validity of the PROGINS and AR CAG repeat assays are unknown. No recommendations for population-based screening can be made.
epidemiology; genetics; ovarian neoplasms; polymorphism (genetics); receptors, androgen; receptors, progesterone; trinucleotide repeats
Abbreviations: Abbreviations: AR, androgen receptor; BRCA, breast cancer; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PGR, progesterone receptor.
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  C.B. Tempfer, M. Simoni, B. Destenaves, and B.C.J.M. Fauser Functional genetic polymorphisms and female reproductive disorders: Part II--endometriosis Hum. Reprod. Update, January 1, 2009; 15(1): 97 - 118. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. M Olsen, A. C Green, C. M Nagle, S. J Jordan, D. C Whiteman, C. J Bain, P. M Webb, and on behalf of the Australian Cancer Study Group (Ov Epithelial ovarian cancer: testing the 'androgens hypothesis' Endocr. Relat. Cancer, December 1, 2008; 15(4): 1061 - 1068. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Lose, D. L. Duffy, G. F. Kay, Kathleen Cuningham Foundation Consortium for Resea, M. A. Kedda, and A. B. Spurdle Skewed X Chromosome Inactivation and Breast and Ovarian Cancer Status: Evidence for X-Linked Modifiers of BRCA1 J Natl Cancer Inst, November 5, 2008; 100(21): 1519 - 1529. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. S. Tait, C. L. Butts, and E. M. Sternberg The role of glucocorticoids and progestins in inflammatory, autoimmune, and infectious disease J. Leukoc. Biol., October 1, 2008; 84(4): 924 - 931. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M. Schildkraut, S. K. Murphy, R. T. Palmieri, E. Iversen, P. G. Moorman, Z. Huang, S. Halabi, B. Calingaert, A. Gusberg, J. R. Marks, et al. Trinucleotide Repeat Polymorphisms in the Androgen Receptor Gene and Risk of Ovarian Cancer Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., March 1, 2007; 16(3): 473 - 480. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Romano, B. Delvoux, D.-C. Fischer, and P. Groothuis The PROGINS polymorphism of the human progesterone receptor diminishes the response to progesterone J. Mol. Endocrinol., February 1, 2007; 38(2): 331 - 350. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. A. Risch, A. E. Bale, P. A. Beck, and W. Zheng PGR +331 A/G and Increased Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., September 1, 2006; 15(9): 1738 - 1741. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. S. Huggins, J. Y.Y. Wong, S. E. Hankinson, and I. De Vivo GATA5 Activation of the Progesterone Receptor Gene Promoter in Breast Cancer Cells Is Influenced by the +331G/A Polymorphism Cancer Res., February 1, 2006; 66(3): 1384 - 1390. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Vigano, E. Somigliana, I. Chiodo, A. Abbiati, and P. Vercellini Molecular mechanisms and biological plausibility underlying the malignant transformation of endometriosis: a critical analysis Hum. Reprod. Update, January 1, 2006; 12(1): 77 - 89. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. B. Greer, F. Modugno, G. O. Allen, and R. B. Ness Short-Term Oral Contraceptive Use and the Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Am. J. Epidemiol., July 1, 2005; 162(1): 66 - 72. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|