American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 154, No. 4 : 291-298
Copyright © 2001 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
COMMENTARIES |
Commentary: Considerations for Use of Racial/Ethnic Classification in Etiologic Research
1 Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC.
2 Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.
3 Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL.
ABSTRACT
Numerous authors have critiqued the use of race as an etiologic quantity in medical research. Despite this criticism, the use of variables encoding racial/ethnic categorization has increased in epidemiology, and most researchers agree that important variation in disease risk is captured by this classification system. Previous discussions have generally neglected to articulate guidelines for appropriate use of racial/ethnic information in etiologic research. The authors summarize the logical, conceptual, and practical problems associated with the "ethnic paradigm" as currently applied in biomedical sciences and offer a set of methodological recommendations toward more valid use of racial/ethnic classification in etiologic studies. These suggested guidelines address issues of variable definition, study design, and covariate control, providing a consistent foundation for etiologic research programs that neither ignore racial/ethnic disease disparities nor obfuscate the nature of these disparities through inappropriate analytical approaches. This methodological analysis of racial/ethnic classification as an epidemiologic quantity provides a formal basis for a focus on racism (i.e., social relations) rather than race (i.e., innate biologic predisposition) in the interpretation of racial/ethnic "effects."
causality; confounding factors (epidemiology); epidemiologic factors; epidemiologic methods; epidemiologic research design; ethnic groups; racial stocks
Abbreviations: SES, socioeconomic status
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