American Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 152, Issue 9 800-803, Copyright © 2000 by Oxford University Press
DW Vaughn
An 18-year interval between a dengue virus type 1 outbreak in 1977-1979 and
a dengue virus type 2 outbreak in 1997 in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba, provided
a unique opportunity to evaluate risk factors for dengue disease. All
patients with symptomatic dengue, including 205 cases of dengue hemorrhagic
fever and 12 deaths, were adults born before the dengue virus type 1
epidemic, and nearly all (98%) experienced secondary dengue virus
infections. In contrast, almost all of those who seroconverted without
illness (97%) experienced primary dengue virus infection. This provides
epidemiologic support for the immune enhancement theory of dengue
pathogenesis. The Cuban experience suggests that immune enhancement can be
seen even 20 years after the primary dengue virus infection. It also
supports the contention that primary infections with dengue virus type 2
(and dengue virus type 4) are largely subclinical. These observations have
implications for dengue vaccine development based on live-attenuated
viruses.
Invited commentary: Dengue lessons from Cuba [In Process Citation]
Department of Virus Diseases, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA. david.vaughn@na.amedd.army.mil
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