American Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 152, Issue 5 463-473, Copyright © 2000 by Oxford University Press
EB Gold, B Sternfeld, JL Kelsey, C Brown, C Mouton, N Reame, L Salamone and R Stellato
A community-based survey was conducted during 1995-1997 of factors related
to menopausal and other symptoms in a multi-racial/ethnic sample of 16,065
women aged 40-55 years. Each of seven sites comprising the Study of Women's
Health across the Nation (SWAN) surveyed one of four minority populations
and a Caucasian population. The largest adjusted prevalence odds ratios for
all symptoms, particularly hot flashes or night sweats (odds ratios =
2.06-4.32), were for women who were peri- or postmenopausal. Most symptoms
were reported least frequently by Japanese and Chinese (odds ratios =
0.47-0.67 compared with Caucasian) women. African-American women reported
vasomotor symptoms and vaginal dryness more (odds ratios = 1.17-1.63) but
urine leakage and difficulty sleeping less (odds ratios = 0.64-0.72) than
Caucasians. Hispanic women reported urine leakage, vaginal dryness, heart
pounding, and forgetfulness more (odds ratios = 1.22-1.85). Hot flashes or
night sweats, urine leakage, and stiffness or soreness were associated with
a high body mass index (odds ratios = 1.15-2.18 for women with a body mass
index > or =27 vs. 19-26.9 kg/m2). Most symptoms were reported most
frequently among women who had difficulty paying for basics (odds ratios =
1.15-2.05), who smoked (odds ratios = 1.21-1.78), and who rated themselves
less physically active than other women their age (odds ratios =
1.24-2.33). These results suggest that lifestyle, menstrual status,
race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status affect symptoms in this age group.
ARTICLES
Relation of demographic and lifestyle factors to symptoms in a multi- racial/ethnic population of women 40-55 years of age
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA. ebgold@ucdavis.edu
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