American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 152, No. 11 : 1056-1064
Copyright © 2000 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS |
Dietary Fat in Relation to Risk of Multiple Sclerosis among Two Large Cohorts of Women
1 Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
2 Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
3 Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
4 Center for Neurological Diseases–Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Ecologic correlations suggest that higher intake of saturated fat and lower intake of polyunsaturated fat might increase the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS), but the results of case-control studies have been inconsistent. Because no prospective data are available, the authors examined these associations in two large cohorts, the Nurses' Health Study, which consisted of 92,422 women with 14 years of follow-up (1980–1994) and the Nurses' Health Study II, which consisted of 95,389 women with 4 years of follow-up (1991–1995). They documented 195 new cases of MS. The pooled multivariate relative risks comparing women in the highest quintile with those in the lowest were 1.1 (95% confidence interval: 0.7, 1.7) for total fat, 0.7 (95% confidence interval: 0.5, 1.2) for animal fat, 1.2 (95% confidence interval: 0.7, 2.1) for vegetable fat, 0.8 (95% confidence interval: 0.5, 1.3) for saturated fat, 1.1 (95% confidence interval: 0.7, 1.7) for monounsaturated fat, 1.7 (95% confidence interval 1.0, 2.8) for n-6 polyunsaturated fat, 1.3 (95% confidence interval: 0.8, 2.0) for trans unsaturated fat, and 0.7 (95% confidence interval: 0.4, 1.1) for cholesterol. Omega-3 fatty acids from fish were also unrelated to risk. However, the authors observed a nonsignificantly lower risk of MS for a higher intake of linolenic acid. These findings do not support relations between intakes of total fat or major specific types of fat and the risk of MS.
diet; fats; multiple sclerosis
Abbreviations: DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; MS, multiple sclerosis; NHS, Nurses' Health Study; NHS II, Nurses' Health Study II.
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