American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 151, No. 2: 199-205
Copyright © 2000 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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Self-Collection of Oral Epithelial Cell DNA under Instruction from Epidemiologic Interviewers
1Genetic Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute Bethesda, MD
2Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute Bethesda, MD
3Oral Health Promotion, Risk Factors, and Molecular Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Dental Research Bethesda, MD
4Occupational Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute Bethesda, MD
Reprint requests to Dr. Neil E. Caporaso, Genetic Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Executive Plaza South Suite 7116, MSC 7236, Bethesda, MD 20892–7236
Oral epithelial cells provide an easily accessible source of germline DNA. Two methods for collection were compared in a 1992–1995 case-control study of oral cancer in Puerto Rico. One group of subjects (55 controls without oral cancer) collected oral rinse samples at home or work under the direction of a nonmedically trained interviewer ("self-collection"); the other group (94 controls) participated in a clinic-based collection, which also included blood and urine samples, conducted by a medical technician ("clinic collection"). Participation was higher for self-collection (98.2%) than for clinic collection (70.7%) (p < 0.001). DNA yields ranged from 2.0 to 204.5µg (median, 25.9 µg) and did not differ by collection method, although yields varied by interviewer among self-collected samples (p = 0.02). Success rates for polymerase chain reaction amplification of the ADH3, NAT1, and multiplex CYP1A1/GSTT1/GSTM1 genotyping assays ranged from 76.4% (NAT1) to 98.2% (ADH3) for self-collected samples and were similar to those for clinic-collected samples (87.2–97.9%). Failure to amplify was associated with low DNA content (p = 0.015). Similar results were observed among cases (91 self-collected, 66 clinic collected), except that DNA yields did not vary by interviewer and a larger fraction (10.2%) of samples contained less than 5 µg of DNA, perhaps because of disease-related oral impairment. Self-collection of oral epithelial DNA samples appears satisfactory and efficient for many epidemiologic studies. Am J Epidemiol 2000; 151; 199–205.
DNA; epidemiologic methods; epidemiology; molecular; mouth mucosa; mouthwashes; polymerase chain reaction
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