American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 151, No. 2: 109-118
Copyright © 2000 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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Prostatic Levels of Tocopherols, Carotenoids, and Retinol in Relation to Plasma Levels and Self-Reported Usual Dietary Intake
1Midwest Center for Health Services and Policy Research, Department of Veterans Affairs, Edward Hines, Jr. Hospital Hines, IL
2Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine Maywood, IL
3Vascular Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University Boston, MA
4Department of Surgical Pathology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine Maywood, IL
5Present affiliation: Department of Pathology, Resurrection Medical Center Chicago, IL
Reprint requests to Dr. Vincent L. Freeman, Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153
This study evaluated how prostatic levels of antioxidants relate to plasma levels and self-reported usual dietary intake. Definition of these relations may aid in interpreting studies of antioxidant exposure and prostate cancer risk. Between July 1996 and April 1997, plasma and prostatic tissue levels of tocopherols, carotenoids, and retinol were measured in 47 men undergoing radical prostatectomy or transurethral prostatectomy at Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, and an affiliate hospital. Dietary intake was measured by using a 122-item version of the Block Health Habits and History Questionnaire, and correlations were assessed with Pearson's coefficients. Prostatic levels of tocopherols and carotenoids (but not retinol) were significantly correlated with plasma levels (r = 0.31-0.56, p < 0.05-0.0001); the strongest correlations were associated with lycopene, beta-carotene, and gamma-tocopherol (0.56, 0.54, and 0.52, respectively; p < 0.0001). Relative concentrations of tocopherols and carotenoids in prostate tissue were proportionate to those in plasma. No correlation between prostatic levels and reported dietary intake was observed (r = –0.09 to 0.16, p < not significant). Adjustment for energy intake, body mass index, and serum lipids did not impact these relations. These results suggest that plasma levels of tocopherols and carotenoids better reflect prostatic exposure than self-reported usual dietary intake. Am J Epidemiol 2000; 151: 109-18.
antioxidants; diet; plasma; prostatic neoplasms
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