Skip Navigation

This Article
Right arrow FREE Full Text (PDF) Freely available
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Search for citing articles in:
ISI Web of Science (13)
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Disclaimer
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Connor, R. J.
Right arrow Articles by Weed, D. L.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Connor, R. J.
Right arrow Articles by Weed, D. L.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?

American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 151, No. 10: 991-998
Copyright © 2000 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

other

Investigation of Design and Bias Issues in Case-Control Studies of Cancer Screening Using Microsimulation

Robert J. Connor1, Rob Boer2, Philip C. Prorok1, and Douglas L. Weed3

1Biometry Branch, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute Bethesda, MD.
2Department of Public Health and Social Medicine, Erasmus University, Rotterdam the Netherlands
3Preventive Oncology Branch, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute Bethesda, MD.

Reprint requests to Dr. Philip C. Prorok, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, EPN 344-MSC 7354, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD 20892–7354.

Using a microsimulation approach, the authors examined design and bias issues in case-control studies of cancer screening. Specifically, they looked at the impact on the odds ratio of the way in which exposure to screening is defined, the type of age matching, the time scale used, and the criteria used to determine control eligibility. The results showed that defining exposure as "ever/never" screened produced, as expected, a serious bias in favor of screening. Defining exposure as being screened no later than the time the case's cancer is diagnosed has a serious bias against screening. An alternative exposure definition—screening can occur no later than the time the case would have been clinically diagnosed—eliminates the bias against screening. Further, the results showed that the type of age matching and the time scale used can produce a bias against screening and that this bias can be quite strong when case-control studies are performed in populations with a periodic screening program that is the only source of screening. Finally, control eligibility criteria had little effect. Am J Epidemiol 2000; 151: 991-8.

bias; cancer (epidemiology); case-control studies; neoplasms


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 PediatricsHome page
E. M. Bunge, R. E. Juttmann, F. C. van Biezen, H. Creemers, A. A. J. M. Hazebroek-Kampschreur, B. C. F. Luttmer, P. A. Wiegersma, H. J. de Koning, and for the Netherlands Evaluation Study on Screening
Estimating the Effectiveness of Screening for Scoliosis: A Case-Control Study
Pediatrics, January 1, 2008; 121(1): 9 - 14.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am J EpidemiolHome page
A. R. Localio, L. Zhou, and S. A. Norman
Measuring Screening Intensity in Case-Control Studies of the Efficacy of Mammography
Am. J. Epidemiol., August 1, 2006; 164(3): 272 - 281.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JNCI J Natl Cancer InstHome page
S. W. Duffy, R. A. Smith, and L. Tabar
Re: Efficacy of Breast Cancer Screening in the Community According to Risk Level
J Natl Cancer Inst, November 16, 2005; 97(22): 1703 - 1703.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JNCI J Natl Cancer InstHome page
J. G. Elmore, N. S. Weiss, W. E. Barlow, S. W. Fletcher, L. M. Reisch, M. B. Barton, S. J. Rolnick, S. M. Greene, and G. Hart
RESPONSE: Re: Efficacy of Breast Cancer Screening in the Community According to Risk Level
J Natl Cancer Inst, November 16, 2005; 97(22): 1704 - 1705.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann OncolHome page
S. D. Walter
Mammographic screening: case-control studies
Ann. Onc., August 1, 2003; 14(8): 1190 - 1192.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Disclaimer: Please note that abstracts for content published before 1996 were created through digital scanning and may therefore not exactly replicate the text of the original print issues. All efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, but the Publisher will not be held responsible for any remaining inaccuracies. If you require any further clarification, please contact our Customer Services Department.