American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 150, No. 4: 327-333
Copyright © 1999 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
article-commentary |
Invited Commentary: Propensity Scores
1Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA
2Department of Statistics, The Wharton School of the University of Pennsytvania Philadelphia, PA
The propensity score is the conditional probability of exposure to a treatment given observed covariates. In a cohort study, matching or stratifying treated and control subjects on a single variable, the propensity score, tends to balance all of the observed covariates; however, unlike random assignment of treatments, the propensity score may not also balance unobserved covariates. The authors review the uses and limitations of propensity scores and provide a brief outline of associated statistical theory. They also present a new result of using propensity scores in case-cohort studies.Am J Epidemiol 1999; 150: 327–33.
causality; confounding; observational study
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D. Schroder, M. Weiser, and P. Klein Efficacy of a homeopathic Crataegus preparation compared with usual therapy for mild (NYHA II) cardiac insufficiency: results of an observational cohort study Eur J Heart Fail, June 1, 2003; 5(3): 319 - 326. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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U. Stenestrand and L. Wallentin Fibrinolytic Therapy in Patients 75 Years and Older With ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: One-Year Follow-up of a Large Prospective Cohort Arch Intern Med, April 28, 2003; 163(8): 965 - 971. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. Hasbun, H. R. Vikram, L. A. Barakat, J. Buenconsejo, and V. J. Quagliarello Complicated Left-Sided Native Valve Endocarditis in Adults: Risk Classification for Mortality JAMA, April 16, 2003; 289(15): 1933 - 1940. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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W. C. Winkelmayer, W. F. Owen Jr., R. Levin, and J. Avorn A Propensity Analysis of Late Versus Early Nephrologist Referral and Mortality on Dialysis J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., February 1, 2003; 14(2): 486 - 492. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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E Hak, T. J M Verheij, D E Grobbee, K L Nichol, and A W Hoes Confounding by indication in non-experimental evaluation of vaccine effectiveness: the example of prevention of influenza complications J Epidemiol Community Health, December 1, 2002; 56(12): 951 - 955. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. E. Braitman and P. R. Rosenbaum Rare Outcomes, Common Treatments: Analytic Strategies Using Propensity Scores Ann Intern Med, October 15, 2002; 137(8): 693 - 695. [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Schomig, J. Mehilli, H. Holle, K. Hosl, D. Kastrati, J.u. Pache, M. Seyfarth, F.-J. Neumann, J. Dirschinger, and A. Kastrati Statin treatment following coronary artery stenting and one-year survival J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 4, 2002; 40(5): 854 - 861. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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W. C. Winkelmayer, R. J. Glynn, M. A. Mittleman, R. Levin, J. S. Pliskin, and J. Avorn Comparing Mortality of Elderly Patients on Hemodialysis versus Peritoneal Dialysis: A Propensity Score Approach J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., September 1, 2002; 13(9): 2353 - 2362. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. Teufelsbauer, A. M. Prusa, K. Wolff, P. Polterauer, J. Nanobashvili, M. Prager, T. Holzenbein, S. Thurnher, J. Lammer, M. Schemper, et al. Endovascular Stent Grafting Versus Open Surgical Operation in Patients With Infrarenal Aortic Aneurysms: A Propensity Score-Adjusted Analysis Circulation, August 13, 2002; 106(7): 782 - 787. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. B. Michels and E. Braunwald Estimating Treatment Effects From Observational Data: Dissonant and Resonant Notes From the SYMPHONY Trials JAMA, June 19, 2002; 287(23): 3130 - 3132. [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. J. Pereira, M. S. Lauer, M. Bashir, I. Afridi, E. H. Blackstone, W. J. Stewart, P. M. McCarthy, J. D. Thomas, and C. R. Asher Survival after aortic valve replacement forsevere aortic stenosis with low transvalvular gradients and severe left ventricular dysfunction J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 17, 2002; 39(8): 1356 - 1363. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S.R Mehta, J.W Eikelboom, H.-J Rupprecht, B.S Lewis, M.K Natarajan, C Yi, J Pogue, and S Yusuf Efficacy of hirudin in reducing cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing early percutaneous coronary intervention Eur. Heart J., January 2, 2002; 23(2): 117 - 123. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. Ascione, G. Nason, S. Al-Ruzzeh, C. Ko, F. Ciulli, and G. D. Angelini Coronary revascularization with or without cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with preoperative nondialysis-dependent renal insufficiency Ann. Thorac. Surg., December 1, 2001; 72(6): 2020 - 2025. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. H. Mehta, D. Bruckman, S. Das, T. Tsai, P. Russman, D. Karavite, H. Monaghan, S. Sonnad, M. J. Shea, K. A. Eagle, et al. Implications of increased left ventricular mass index on in-hospital outcomes in patients undergoing aortic valve surgery J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., November 1, 2001; 122(5): 919 - 928. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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