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American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 150, No. 1: 18-26
Copyright © 1999 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health

other

Adverse Work and Environmental Conditions Predict Occupational Injuries

The Israeli Cardiovascular Occupational Risk Factors Determination in Israel (CORDIS) Study

Samuel Melamed1,2, Daniel Yekutieli3, Paul Froom1,2, Estela Kristal-Boneh1,2 and Joseph Ribak1,2

1Occupational Health Institute Ra'anana, Israel
2Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv, Israel
3Department of Statistics and Operation Research, Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv, Israel

This study was designed to test whether the total objective adverse work and environmental conditions, expressed as the ergonomic stress level (ESL), would predict occupational injuries over a 2-year period. The study population consisted of 4,096 men from 21 factories in six industrial sectors who were studied as part of the Israeli Cardiovascular Occupational Risk Factors Determination in Israel (CORDIS) Study, 1985–1987. The ESL (assigned four levels, 1–4) was based on an ergonomic assessment which covered 17 risk factors pertaining to safety hazards, overcrowding, cognitive and physical demands, and environmental stressors. The ESL was found to be a highly reliable measure and stable over a period of 2–4 years. The incidence of injuries among workers in low ESL conditions (level 1) was 10.3%. It increased with higher ESL's 11.7% in level 2 (relative risk (RR) = 1.13, 95% confidence interval (Cl) 0.86–1.50); 21.6% in level 3 (RR = 2.09, 95% Cl 1.68–2.62); and 23.8% in level 4 (RR = 2.31, 95% Cl 1.85–2.88). After adjustment for age, job experience, educational level, managerial status, and occupational status (white/blue collar), injury occurrence was significantly elevated for those at level 3 (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.46, 95% Cl 1.12–1.91) and level 4 (adjusted OR = 1.81, 95% Cl 1.39–2.37) but not for level 2 (adjusted OR = 0.87, 95% Cl 0.65–1.18). The authors conclude that adverse work and environmental conditions, objectively assessed, can predict occurrence of occupational injuries. Am J Epidemiol 1999;150:18–26.

accidents; occupational; environmental health; occupational health; risk; safety; stress; work; wounds and injuries


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