American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 149, No. 1: 64-74
Copyright © 1999 by The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health
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Parental Agricultural Work and Selected Congenital Malformations
1 Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Valencia Valencia, Spain
2 Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London London, UK
3 Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra Barcelona, Spain
4 Trade Union Institute for Health, Environment and Work Valencia, Spain
The authors conducted a case-control study in Comunidad Valenciana, Spain, to assess the relation between occupational exposure to pesticides, mainly as a result of agricultural work, and the prevalence of congenital malformations. A total of 261 cases and 261 controls were selected from those infants born in eight public hospitals during 1993–1994. The cases were those who were diagnosed with selected defects (nervous system, cardiovascular, oral clefts, hypospadias/epispadias, musculoskeletal, and unspecified anomalies) during their first year of life. Information on occupational exposures and potential confounding variables was collected from the parents. For the mothers who were involved in agricultural activities during the month before conception and the first trimester of pregnancy, the adjusted odds ratio was 3.16 (95% confidence interval 1.11–9.01) primarily due to an increased risk for nervous system defects, oral clefts, and multiple anomalies. Paternal agricultural work did not increase the risk, although fathers who reported ever handling pesticides had an adjusted odds ratio of 1.49 (95% confidence interval 0.94–2.35) mainly related to an increased risk for nervous system and musculoskeletal defects. Although the power of this study regarding some associations is limited, the results justify further attention to maternal agricultural work and paternal pesticide exposure. Am J Epidemiol 1999;149:64–74.
abnormalities; agriculture; case-control studies; occupational exposure; pesticides
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